Anthropology Test 2 WVU Sahady Rated A
A way of life shared by a group of human beings - including their language, beliefs, and things
they make and use - is referred to by anthropologists as their: ️Culture
A society: ️a. generally refers to a particular group of people living and intera...
Anthropology Test 2 WVU Saha dy Rated A A way of life sha red by a group of human beings - including their language, beliefs, and things they make and use - is referred to by anthropologists as their: ✔️Culture A society: ✔️a. generally refers to a particular group of people living and interacting within a defin ite territory There are many definitions of culture; however, there are a number of aspects that are common to most definitions. These include all of the following EXCEPT: ✔️Culture is biologically inherited In order for an item to be cultural, it must b e: ✔️Learned and commonly shared among individuals __________ is credited with providing us with the first, detailed definition of culture, "...that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." ✔️E.B. Tylor Symbols: ✔️Are arbitrary meaningful units we use to represent reality Ethnocentrism is a: ✔️practice of judging another society by the values and standards of one's own society An example of ethnocentrism would be the belief that: ✔️Societies that practice polygamy are evil It would be fair to say that, in a multicultural society such as exists in the United States: ✔️there are conflicting systems of norms and values To comba t the problem of ethnocentrism, twentieth -century anthropologists developed the concept of ✔️Cultural relativism Most anthropologists have come to agree that human behavior __________. ✔️results from a combination of biology and culture Leaders of band s ocieties: ✔️lead by persuasion, example, and personal influence Anthropologists use the term "pastoralists" to refer to peoples who: ✔️rely primarily on herd animals, such as caribou, cattle, sheep, or goats While studying the Yanomamö, Napoleon Chagnon found that soil depletion was not the only reason that these peoples moved their garden plots. His research found that: ✔️major population movements of the Yanomamö were due to warfare and conflict with Neighbors One of the chief advantages of slash -and-burn cultivation is that it: ✔️produces food without complex technology Conflict resolution in forager societies: ✔️is based on informal sanctions because there are generally no formal government institutions or political authority available Since band so cieties are egalitarian, the leaders of bands: ✔️must lead by personal influence and persuasion rather than coercion The two basic elements of social organization for foraging groups are the: ✔️nuclear family and band The phrase "original affluent societ y" refers to: ✔️the notion that hunter -gatherers spend less time acquiring their food than does an agricultural society What form of reciprocity would you expect to be the LEAST common among the Inuit? ✔️negative reciprocity Negative reciprocity most likely occurs between: ✔️strangers and enemies
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