Blood Pressure - (correct answer) Refers to the
pressure blood exerts on walls of blood vessels, and
reflects efficiency of blood flow through the CV system
- systolic: heart contracting
- diastolic: heart relaxing
120/80 is normal
144/94 max safe ranges
normal BP for healthy, active adult is 110/70
- during PA, systolic will rise slightly and diastolic will
remain roughly the same
,Heart Rate - (correct answer) number of heart
beats/minute
- RHR average 60-80bpm
- higher RHR for women
- lower RHR with age
Cardiac Output - (correct answer) The amount of
blood the heart pumps through the circulatory system in
a minute. The amount of blood put out by the left
ventricle of the heart in one contraction is called the
stroke volume. The stroke volume and the heart rate
determine this.
- typically about 5L/min at rest
- will be higher if physically fit (max of 40L/min)
- for unfit, 14-20L/min max
Stroke Volume - (correct answer) Refers to the
volume of blood that is pumped by the heart with each
contraction
- during PA, it will increase until intensity reaches ~50%
of VO2 max, then HR will increase the cardiac output
,- for physically fit people, SV is likely to be higher and
RHR likely to be lower
Normal Responses to short-term, light-mod Aerobic
Exercise - (correct answer) CO: Increases rapidly;
plateaus at steady
state within 2 min
SV: Increases rapidly;
plateaus at steady
state within 2 min
HR: Increases rapidly;
plateaus at steady
state within 2 min
SBP: Increases rapidly;
plateaus at steady
state within 2 min
DBP: shows little or no change
, Normal Response to Long-Term,
Light to Moderate to Heavy
Submaximal Exercise - (correct answer) CO: increases
rapidly; plateaus
SV: increases rapidly; plateaus; negative drift
HR: increases rapidly; plateaus; positive drift
SBP: increases rapidly; plateaus; slight negative drift
DBP: shows little or no change
Normal Response to Incremental Aerobic Exercise to
Maximum - (correct answer) CO: rectilinear increase
with plateau at max
SV: increases initially;plateaus at 40-50% vo2 max
HR: rectilinear increase with plateau at max
SBP: rectilinear increase with plateau at max
DBP: shows little or no change
Normal Response to Static Exercise - (correct answer)
CO: modest gradual increase
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