Exam (elaborations)
NR606 Week 1 Q&A
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NR606 Week 1Steps for Obtaining Informed Consent - ✅✅ --Assess pt ability to understand
medical info, tx options, to make a voluntary decision.
-Present relevant info with accuracy and sensitivity:
• diagnosis
• nature & purpose of tx options
• benefits, risks, burdens of all tx options, including forgoing tx
-Document informed consent conversation in the medical record, including all
consent forms.
✅✅
Underlying assumptions for child and adolescent psychotherapy -
-Developmental considerations
Family involvement
Systems involvement
Resiliency
✅✅
Underlying assumptions for child and adolescent psychotherapy:
Developmental considerations - --developmental level will impact how
they:
• reason
• approach relationships
• regulate emotion and behavior
• communicate
-Developmental considerations
• inform the diagnostic process
• guide tx planning
✅✅
Underlying assumptions for child and adolescent psychotherapy: Family
involvement - --Family involvement in tx & decision-making
• a norm in child and adolescent psychotherapy
-invite parents to share the hx of the child or adolescent's chief complaint &
prior tx, medical & developmental hx, & behavioral info privately with the
therapist ahead of the session
• avoid feelings of criticism or discouragement
-collaborate with parent or caregiver as a tx partner
, ✅✅
Underlying assumptions for child and adolescent psychotherapy: Systems
involvement - --Therapists must consider the systems that surround
children & adolescents & promote their development
• family
• school
• peers
• the community
-Therapy can help promote the child/adolescent's socioemotional competence
-help develop a community support system
✅✅
Underlying assumptions for child and adolescent psychotherapy: Resiliency -
--therapist work to promote resiliency in children & adolescents
• using strength-based orientation
-supports:
• functioning
• self-regulation
• deal with challenges they faces
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development - ✅✅--Sensorimotor stage:
Birth-2 yrs
• cognitive abilities based on reflexes
• object permanence & causality
-Preoperational stage: 2-7yrs
• can use mental representations, symbolic thought, & language
• thinking is egocentric
-Concrete operational stage: 7-11yrs
• logical operations when thinking/solving problems
• thinking is concrete
-Formal operational stage: 12yrs+
• Adolescent can use abstract reasoning in addition to logical operations
• Child can understand theories, hypothesize, comprehend abstract ideas
(love & justice)
✅✅
Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) -
--Screening
• Quickly assesses severity of substance use & ID the appropriate level of tx
, -Brief intervention
• Focuses on increasing insight & awareness regarding substance use &
motivation toward behavioral change
-Referral
• Guidance to tx provides those identified as needing more extensive tx with
access to specialty care
Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) - ✅✅ -Treatment for opioid use
disorder combining the use of medications (methadone, buprenorphine, or
naltrexone) with counseling and behavioral therapies.
Mental health and youth - ✅✅ --13% of children ages 8-15 experience a
mental health condition
-50% of children ages 8-15 experiencing a mental health condition do not
receive tx
-13-20% of children living in the U.S. (1 out of 5 children) experience a mental
health condition in a given year
-17% of high school students seriously consider suicide
-1/2 of all lifetime cases of mental illness begin by age 14
Barriers to Mental Health Treatment in Children and Adolescents - ✅✅--lack
of sufficient information or access to services
-stigmas or negative perceptions towards mental health services
-many drop out before receiving effective treatment, often due to:
• poverty
• language barriers
• living in communities with scarce resources
• stressors such as
➣problems in the family
➣violence in the community
➣unstable housing
➣unemployment
➣food insecurity
-Cost
-scheduling conflicts
-long waitlists for services
-high staff turnover
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