Exam (elaborations)
VBSC 421_ Appendicular Skeleton.
- Course
- Institution
VBSC 421_ Appendicular Skeleton.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
modockochieng06
Content preview
VBSC 421: Appendicular SkeletonStylopodium: forelimb - ANS-upper arm
Stylopodium: hindlimb - ANS-thigh
Zeugopodium: forelimb - ANS-forearm
Zeugopodium: hindlimb - ANS-shank (crus)
Autopodium: forelimb - ANS-manus (wrist-palm-fingers)
Autopodium: hindlimb - ANS-pes (ankle-sole-toes)
How is the structure of the tetrapod limb similar to the structure of the fin in the shark? -
ANS-pectoral girdle no longer connected to skull
Pterygiophores - ANS-supports proximal part of the fin close to the body
Ceratotrichia - ANS-keratinized rods that radiate out like vanes in a fan to internally
support the fins (chondrichthyan fishes)
Lepidotrichia - ANS-cartilaginous or ossified supports within fins (bony fishes)
Fin rays - ANS-strengthen the fins
Ceratotrichia in elasmobranchs
Lepidotrichia in bony fishes
Stylopodium - ANS-limb region closest to the body
- humerus (forelimb)
- femur (hindlimb)
Zeugopodium - ANS-middle limb region with 2 internal supportive elements
- ulna/radius (forelimb)
- tibia and fibula (hindlimb)
Autopodium - ANS-distal end of the limb
Manus - ANS-autopodium- forelimbs
, Pes - ANS-autopodium- hindlimbs
Pectoral girdle (shark) - ANS-U-shaped
(aka scapulocoracoid bar)
Coracoid bar (shark) - ANS-ventral portion of the pectoral girdle
Scapular cartilage (shark) - ANS-dorsal, distal portion of pectoral girdle
Basal pterygiophores (shark) - ANS-proximal end of pectoral fins (3)
Radial pterygiophores (shark) - ANS-form major support of the fins
Ceratotrichia (shark) - ANS-fin rays
Pelvic girdle (shark) - ANS-just anterior to the cloaca
Puboischiadic bar (shark) - ANS-
Iliac processes (shark) - ANS-project from anterior ends
(2)
Basal pterygiophores - pelvic (shark) - ANS-proximal end of pelvic fins
Radial pterygiophores - pelvic (shark) - ANS-extend from basal cartilages
Ceratotrichia - pelvic (shark) - ANS-fin rays, support fin web
Clasper (shark) - ANS-only in the male- way to sex sharks externally
sperm transfer organ
supported by cartilages derived from radial pterygiophores
Pectoral girdle (necturus) - ANS-Not articulated with skull, instead rests in muscular
sling
- Freed skull for independent movement, provided greater freedom of movement
associated with anterior appendages
Scapula (necturus) - ANS-articulates with humerus
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80461 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now