Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0:
Communicable Diseases
Which person has the highest risk of developing tuberculosis (TB)? - ANS-A recent
immigrant from Southeast Asia
During which phase of hepatitis A does the patient reach peak infectivity? -
ANS-Incubation (preclinical) phase
The appearance of which serologic marker indicates that the hepatitis B is subsiding? -
ANS-Hepatitis B surface antigen antibodies (Anti-HBs)
Which factor contributes to a nosocomial infection? - ANS-Antibiotic resistance
Which type of hepatitis causes arthritis, myalgia, and urticaria or a maculopapular rash?
- ANS-Hepatitis B
A patient arrives at triage complaining of fever, night sweats, hemoptysis, and coughing
for the last 3 weeks. Which intervention is the priority for this patient? - ANS-Move the
patient to a negative-pressure ventilation room.
Which aspect of a patient's history most increases the risk of contracting an
opportunistic infection? - ANS-Low CD4 counts
Which term describes the presence of the bacteria on a person's body without
observable symptoms? - ANS-Colonization
Which type of hepatitis has the longest incubation period? - ANS-Hepatitis B
Which antibiotic is most effective for treating hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection? - ANS-Vancomycin (Vancocin)
Which dosing regimen is recommended for the hepatitis B vaccine? - ANS-Three doses,
with the second dose 1 month after the first and the third dose in 4 to 6 months
During which phase of hepatitis A does the patient develop fever, anorexia, and
diarrhea? - ANS-Prodromal (preicteric) phase
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