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MN 551 QUIZ #5 PATHO QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS .
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MN 551 QUIZ #5 PATHO QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023-2024
Which of the following measures would likely be rejected as part of a first-line weight
loss plan for a patient with a BMI of 30.2, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension? - correct
answer 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity activity at least 3 days per week
Calorie reduction by 500 to 1,000 kcal/day
*****Gastric bypass
Prescription drug therapy
A nurse practitioner is providing care for a male patient with a long-standing hiatal
hernia. Which of the following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the
pathophysiology of hiatal hernias? - correct answer An incompetent pyloric sphincter
and high fat diet are commonly implicated in the development of hiatal hernias.
*****If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis can result.
The root causes of hiatal hernias are normally treatable with medication.
Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are common and are normally not treated if the patient is
asymptomatic.
Which of the following patients is most clearly displaying the signs and symptoms of
IBD? - correct answer A 24-year-old man who has a stressful job but whose diarrhea
and cramping do not worsen during periods of high stress.
A 44-year-old man who is under great financial stress and who states that his lower
abdominal pain is much worse at night than during the day.
*****A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain is in his lower abdomen,
"comes and goes," and "feels more like a cramp than a dull ache."
A 32-year-old mother who complains of intermittent abdominal pain that persists even
after defecation.
While on tour, a 32-year-old male musician has presented to the emergency department
of a hospital after a concert complaining of severe and sudden abdominal pain. He
admits to a history of copious alcohol use in recent years, and his vital signs include a
temperature of 38.8°C (101.8°F), blood pressure of 89/48 mm Hg, and heart rate of 116
beats per minute. Blood work indicates that his serum levels of C-reactive protein,
amylase, and lipase are all elevated. Which of the following diagnoses would the care
team first suspect? - correct answer *****Acute pancreatitis
, Liver cirrhosis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis C
A 55-year-old man has been diagnosed with a hiatal hernia, in which the function of the
lower esophageal sphincter is compromised. Which of the following consequences of
this condition is most likely? - correct answer Inappropriate release of gastric enzymes
******Protrusion of the stomach or regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus
Impaired control of the gastric emptying rate
Decreased absorption of ingested foods and fluids
The mother of a 19-week-old infant has brought her baby to a nurse practitioner for
assessment because of the baby's persistent weight loss and diarrhea. An intestinal
biopsy has confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease, and the child's mother is anxious to
know what caused the disease. Which of the following aspects of the etiology of celiac
disease would underlie the explanation that the nurse practitioner provides? - correct
answer Inability to process or absorb the fat content of breast milk results in malnutrition
and deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins.
Neurogenic or muscular inhibition of peristalsis results in inappropriate motility of
ingested food in the lower small intestine and the colon.
*******An inappropriate T-cell mediated response results in increased levels of
antibodies and an inflammatory response.
Bacterial or chemical invasion of the peritoneum leads to decreased nutrient absorption
and transport.
A female neonate has been in respiratory distress since delivery and is unresponsive to
oxygen therapy. Endoscopy has confirmed a diagnosis of esophageal atresia and
tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF). Which of the following explanations should the
care team provide to the infant's parents?
Question 7 options: - correct answer The priority in our immediate treatment prior to her
surgery will be pain management, as the contents of her stomach can burn her lungs."
"The biggest risk that will face your daughter until this is fixed is the danger of
malnutrition and dehydration."
"This problem will require respiratory therapy and supplementary feeding, but it will
likely resolve itself over time."
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