chapter 20 anxiolytic and hypnotic agents question
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Chapter 20 Anxiolytic and Hypnotic
Agents
What are the psychological states affected by anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs? -
ANS-Anxiety, sedation, hypnosis (extreme sedation)
What are the actions of benzodiazepines? - ANS-Inhibit neurotransmission by
enhancing the effects of GABA in the postsynaptic clefts between nerve cells
What are the indications of benzodiazepines? - ANS-Anxiety disorders, alcohol
withdrawal, hyper excitability and agitation, preoperative relief of anxiety and tension to
aid balanced anesthesia
What are the adverse effects of benzodiazepines? - ANS-Sedation, drowsiness,
depression, lethargy, blurred vision, confusion, dry mouth, constipation, nausea,
vomiting, hypotension, urinary retention
What are the drug-drug interactions with benzodiazepines? - ANS-1. Increase CNS
depression when taken with alcohol
2. Increase in effect when taken with cimetidine, oral contraceptives, or disulfiram
3. Decrease in effect if given with theophylline or ranitidine
A client presents at the clinic with symptoms of hyper-excitability and agitation. Which
medication would the nurse expect the physician to prescribe? - ANS-Benzodiazepines
What are the actions of barbiturates? - ANS-1. CNS depressants
2. Inhibit neuroral impulse conduction in the ascending RAS
3. Depress cerebral cortex
4. Depress motor output
5. Cause: sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia, and coma
What are the indications for barbiturates? - ANS-Relief of the signs and symptoms of
anxiety, sedation, insomnia, pre anesthesia, seizures
What are the adverse effects barbiturates? - ANS-CNS depression, physical
dependency, drowsiness, somnolence, lethargy, ataxia, vertigo, nausea, vomiting,
constipation
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