BIO 250 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions

BIO 250 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions Define fecundity ANS The ability to reproduce Define fertility ANS The average number of offspring per reproductive female What is the relationship between life cycle complexity and reproductive rate? ANS Organisms with a simple life cycle generally reproduce quicker Describe a stage of life in which an organism is sessile? ANS The organism is attached to a surface (such as a rock) What is a hermaphrodite? ANS An organism with both male and female reproductive organs What is a life history? ANS A collection of age or stage specific traits (or demographic parameters) directly affecting an individual's reproductive success What is a K -species? ANS A species which is generally large in size, has a long lifespan, and few reproductive events What is an r -species? ANS A species which is generally small, with a short life, and produces many offspring What is geometric mean relative fitness? ANS Number of young + probability of adults surviving to reproduce next year How do you calculate the intrinsic growth rate (r)? ANS r = (births - deaths)/(t*Navg) t = timespan of study Navg = average population size over the time of the study What is an age structure diagram? ANS Characterizes the distribution of ages within a population Define birth rate ANS Number of births per capita (person) per unit time What is a cohort? ANS A group of individuals in a population that were all born around the same time Describe how someone would study a cohort using the dynamic method ANS Following a single cohort over time as they age Describe how someone would study a cohort using the static method ANS Studies multiple cohorts over time as they reach a single age range (e.g. studying elk between 2 -5 yrs of age for 15 years) Describe the survivorship curve, what are on the x and y axes? ANS Shows the relationship between age (x -axis) and the number of survivors of a population (y -axis) - populations generally have Type I, Type II, or Type III Describe Type I survivorship ANS High survivorship at young age and low at old age Describe Type III survivorship ANS Low survivorship at young age, but survivors generally live for a long time Describe Type II survivorship ANS Linear relationship between age and number of survivors What is the Principle of Allocation? ANS The idea that any energy or biomass used for one function reduces the amount of energy available for another function What is a "disturbance" as described by Grime's species classification triangle? ANS A catastrophic even that occurs rarely (volcano, hurricane) What is a "stress" as described by Grime's species classification triangle? ANS Frequent variations in the environment which limit vital resource availability What is a "ruderal species" as described by Grime's species classification triangle? ANS A species which survives and reproduces well in high -disturbance, low -stress environments How do Winemiller and Rose classify organisms? ANS Based on their juvenile survivorship, fecundity, and age of maturation