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DETAILED ANSWER KEY FOR MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM 2024, A+ SOLUTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES $22.99
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DETAILED ANSWER KEY FOR MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM 2024, A+ SOLUTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

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DETAILED ANSWER KEY FOR MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM 2024, A+ SOLUTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

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  • June 23, 2024
  • 56
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • medical surgical
  • detailed answer key for medical surgical exam
  • detailed answer key for medical surgical exam

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  • Medical surgical nursing
  • Medical surgical nursing

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DETAILED ANSWER KEY FOR MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM 2024,
A+ SOLUTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES

Question 1

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and is prescribed
enalapril. Which of the following is an adverse effect of this
medication?

A. Bradycardia
B. Tremors
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Bradykinesia

Answer: C. Orthostatic hypotension

Rationale: Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic
hypotension due to its vasodilatory effects. It is important for clients to
rise slowly from a sitting or lying position to prevent dizziness and falls.

Question 2

A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking
digoxin. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of
digoxin toxicity?

A. Hyperkalemia
B. Blurred vision
C. Hypertension
D. Tachycardia

Answer: B. Blurred vision

,Rationale: Blurred vision, along with other visual disturbances such as
yellow-green halos, can be a sign of digoxin toxicity. Clients should be
monitored for other signs such as nausea, vomiting, and arrhythmias.

Question 3

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?

A. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.
B. Limit fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day.
C. Use a high-flow oxygen delivery system.
D. Perform chest physiotherapy before meals.

Answer: A. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke

Rationale: Avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke is crucial for
clients with COPD to prevent exacerbations. Adequate hydration and
using low-flow oxygen as needed are also important, but the key
preventive measure is avoiding smoke.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for
warfarin. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse
monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?

A. Platelet count
B. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C. Prothrombin time (PT)
D. Bleeding time

Answer: C. Prothrombin time (PT)

Rationale: Warfarin's effectiveness is monitored by measuring the
prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR). These

,tests help determine the blood’s clotting tendency and ensure the dosage
is therapeutic.

Question 5

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about
foot care. Which of the following statements indicates an
understanding of the teaching?

A. "I will soak my feet in hot water daily."
B. "I will apply lotion between my toes."
C. "I will inspect my feet daily for sores."
D. "I will cut my toenails straight across."

Answer: C. "I will inspect my feet daily for sores."

Rationale: Clients with diabetes should inspect their feet daily for sores,
blisters, and other injuries to prevent complications such as infections.
Soaking feet in hot water and applying lotion between toes can increase
the risk of skin breakdown and infection.



Question 6

A nurse is preparing to administer morphine IV to a client who is
postoperative. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Administer the medication over 30 seconds.
B. Monitor the client for constipation.
C. Withhold the medication if respiratory rate is less than 16/min.
D. Give morphine via IM injection.

Answer: B. Monitor the client for constipation.

Rationale: Constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine and
other opioids. The nurse should monitor the client for this and other side

, effects such as respiratory depression. Morphine should be administered
slowly over 4-5 minutes to prevent adverse reactions.

Question 7

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for
levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following
findings indicates the medication is effective?

A. Decrease in appetite
B. Improved energy levels
C. Weight gain
D. Bradycardia

Answer: B. Improved energy levels

Rationale: Improved energy levels and reduced symptoms of
hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, are indicators that levothyroxine is
effective. Weight loss and normalization of heart rate can also indicate
effectiveness.

Question 8

A nurse is teaching a client who has a history of urinary tract
infections (UTIs) about prevention. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?

A. Wear nylon underwear.
B. Take a tub bath daily.
C. Void frequently.
D. Limit fluid intake.

Answer: C. Void frequently.

Rationale: Voiding frequently helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract
and reduces the risk of UTIs. Clients should also be advised to drink

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