LEWIS MED SURG URINARY OR KIDNEY NCLEX REVIEW PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 100%
2024
In addition to urine function, the nurse recognizes that the kidneys perform numerous other functions important to the maintenance of homeostasis. Which physiologic processes are performed by the kidneys? Select all that apply.
A. Production of renin B. Activation of vitamin D C. Carbohydrate metabolism
D. Erythropoietin production
E. Hemolysis of old red blood cells (RBCs) - CORRECT ANSWERS-A, B, D.
In addition to urine formation, the kidneys release renin to maintain blood pressure, activate vitamin D to maintain calcium levels, and produce erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production. Carbohydrate metabolism and hemolysis of old RBCs are not physiologic functions that are performed by the kidneys.
As a component of the head-to-toe assessment of a patient who has been recently transferred to the clinical unit, the nurse is preparing to palpate the patient's kidneys. How should the nurse position the patient for this assessment?
A. Prone
B. Supine C. Seated at the edge of the bed D. Standing, facing away from the nurse - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Supine To palpate the right kidney, the patient is positioned supine, and the nurse's left hand is placed behind and supports the patient's right side between the rib cage and the iliac crest. The right flank is elevated with the left hand, and
the right hand is used to palpate deeply for the right kidney. The normal- sized left kidney is rarely palpable because the spleen lies directly on top of it.
Which urinalysis result should the nurse recognize as an abnormal finding?
A. pH 6.0
B. Amber yellow color 100% 2024 BY ELITAA
C. Specific gravity 1.025
D. White blood cells (WBCs) 9/hpf - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. White blood cells (WBCs) 9/hpf Normal WBC levels in urine are below 5/hpf, with levels exceeding this indicative of inflammation or urinary tract infection. A urine pH of 6.0 is average; amber yellow is normal coloration, and the reference ranges for specific gravity are 1.003 to 1.030.
The patient in the intensive care unit is receiving gentamicin for pneumonia from Pseudomonas. What assessment results should the nurse report to the health care provider?
A. Decreased weight
B. Increased appetite
C. Increased urinary output
D. Elevated creatinine level - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Elevated creatinine level Gentamicin can be toxic to the kidneys and the auditory system. The elevated creatinine level must be reported to the physician as it probably indicates renal damage. Other factors that may occur with renal damage would include increased weight and decreased urinary output. Many medications have side effects of anorexia.
A nurse is admitting a patient with the diagnosis of advanced renal carcinoma. Based upon this diagnosis, the nurse will expect to find what clinical manifestations as the "classic triad" occurring in patients with renal cancer?
A. Fever, chills, flank pain B. Hematuria, flank pain, palpable mass C. Hematuria, proteinuria, palpable mass
D. Flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, and proteinuria - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Hematuria, flank pain, palpable mass
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