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15. Biotechnology Principles and Processes
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15. Biotechnology Principles and Processes
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Zoology Biotechnology: Principles and Processes1. Which one of the following techniques made (3) electrophoresis
it possible to genetically engineer living (4) restriction mapping
organisms ? 7. If any protein-encoding gene is expressed in a
1. Hybridization heterologous host, it is termed as
2. Recombinant DNA techniques 1. Recombinant protein
3. X-ray diffraction 2. Single-cell protein
4. Heavier isotope labeling 3. Humulin
2. The construction of the first recombinant DNA 4. Transposon
by linking antibiotic resistance gene with a 8. Consider the following statements:
native plasmid of Salmonella
Asexual reproduction preserves genetic
typhimurium was done by
I: information while sexual reproduction
(1) Arber and Nathans
permits variations.
(2) Kary Mullis
(3) Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen Traditional hybridization often leads to the
(4) Smith and Wilcox II: inclusion and multiplication of undesirable
3. The DNA fragments separated on an agarose genes along with the desired genes.
gel can be visualised after staining with
(1) bromophenol blue rDNA technology allows us to isolate and
(2) acetocarmine introduce only one or a set of desirable genes
III:
(3) aniline blue without introducing undesirable genes in the
(4) ethidium bromide target organism.
4. Agarose extracted from sea weeds finds use in Which of the above statements are true?
1. tissue culture
2. PCR 1. I and II only 2. I and III only
3. gel electrophoresis
3. II and III only 4. I, II, and III
4. spectrophotometry
5. What is the criterion for DNA fragments 9. The enzyme that seals 5’ PO4 and 3’ OH
movement on agarose gel during gel polynucleotide ends while creating a
electrophoresis ? recombinant DNA molecule is
(1) The larger the fragment size, the farther it 1. Alkaline phosphatase
moves 2. DNA ligase
(2) The smaller the fragment size, the farther 3. DNAse
it moves 4. Restriction endonuclease
(3) Positively charged fragments move to 10. In a DNA gel the fragment of 2kb and 3kb will
farther end be
(4) Negatively charged fragments do not move 1. 2kb nearer to cathode while 3kb nearer to
6. DNA fragments generated by the restriction anode
endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be 2. 2kb closer to wells while 3kb towards the
separated by opposite ends
(1) centrifugation 3. 2kb closer to opposite end of gel while 3kb
(2) polymerase chain reaction closer to well
By – Anmol Sharma Sir 1|P a g e
,Zoology Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
4. 2kb away from cathode while 3kb towards (2) Thermostable DNA polymerase is isolated
anode from a bacterium, Thermus aquaticus
11. The visualization of the DNA bands on the gel (3) Each cycle in PCR has three steps, first is
can be done with the help of primer annealing, second is denaturation and
(1) UV rays third is extension of primers
(2) Ethidium bromide (4) In polymerase chain reaction, multiple
(3) Chromogenic substrate copies of gene of interest are synthesized in
(4) More than one is correct vitro using two sets of primers and enzyme
12. Given below are four statements pertaining to DNA polymerase
the separation of DNA fragments using Gel 15. The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of
electrophoresis. Identify the incorrect polymersase chain reaction (PCR). Select the
statements: correct identification together with what it
represents
DNA is a negatively charged molecule
a. and so it is loaded on gel towards the
anode terminal.
DNA fragments travel along the
b. surface of the gel whose concentration
does not affect the movement of DNA.
Smaller the size of the DNA fragment,
c.
larger the distance it travels through it.
Pure DNA can be visualized directly by
d.
exposing it to UV radiation.
1. B - Denaturation at a temperature of about
Choose the correct answer from the options
98°C separating the two DNA strands
given below:
2. A - Denaturation at a temperature of about
1. (a), (c) and (d)
60°C
2. (a), (b) and (c)
3. C - Extension in the presence of heat stable
3. (b), (c) and (d)
DNA polymerase
4. (a), (b) and (d)
4. A - Annealing with two sets of primer
13. The Taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from
16. Select the incorrect statement.
1. Thiobacillus ferroxidans
1. Separation of DNA fragments occurs based
2. Bacillus subtilis
on their size in agarose gel.
3. Pseudomonas subtilis
2. Blue-white selection involves insertional
4. Thermus aquaticus
inactivation of β-galactosidase.
14. Which of the following statements
3. Treatment with ice-cold calcium can
is incorrect w.r.t. polymerase chain reaction?
enhance efficiency of transformation in host
(1) Repeated amplification is achieved by the
cells.
use of thermostable DNA polymerase
By – Anmol Sharma Sir 2|P a g e
, Zoology Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
4. Extension step during PCR is based on (4) D - Restriction enzyme Eco RI cuts the
thermolabile nature of Taq polymerase. strand of DNA a little away from centre of the
17. Downstream processing does not involve palindromic sites, but between the same two
1. Biosynthesis bases on the opposite strands
2. Separation 21. If a DNA fragment is cut by EcoRI at a specific
3. Purification recognition site then
4. Centrifugation 1. Blunt-end cannot be obtained
18. Which one is considered as molecular glue in 2. Sticky-ends cannot be obtained
recombinant DNA technology? 3. Construction of rDNA would not be possible
1. Endonuclease 4. The plasmid with one site get cut into two
2. DNA ligase fragments
3. Polymerase 22. The first recombinant DNA was constructed
4. Alkaline phosphatase by linking an antibiotic resistant gene with the
19. The enzyme known as molecular scissors in native plasmid of
genetic engineering is 1. Escherichia coli
1. DNA ligase 2. Salmonella typhimurium
2. Transferases 3. Clostridium butylicum
3. DNA polymerase 4. Acetobacter aceti
4. Restriction endonuclease 23. Select the correct statement .
20. Following are the steps in the formation of 1. A restriction exonuclease cuts both strands
recombinant DNA by action of a restriction of foreign DNA as well as vector DNA at specific
endonuclease. Which one of the given palindromic sequences
option incorrectly identifies the steps, 2. A restriction endonuclease is named on the
components labelled as A, B, C, and D? basis of scientific name and strain of bacteria
from which it is isolated
3. All restriction enzymes cut the strands of
DNA in the centre of palindromic site between
the same two bases of opposite strand
4. When cut by same restriction enzyme, the
resultant DNA fragments generate different
kinds of sticky ends
24. Gel electrophoresis is used for
1. cutting of DNA into fragments
2. separation of DNA fragments according to
(1) A - Exonuclease cuts the DNA between their size
bases G and A only when the sequence 3. construction of recombinant DNA by joining
GAATTC is present in the DNA with cloning vectors
(2) B - Sticky ends are formed. 4. isolation of DNA molecule
(3) C - The DNA fragments join at sticky ends by 25. In rDNA technology or genetic engineering
DNA ligase. elution means :-
By – Anmol Sharma Sir 3|P a g e
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