Menopause & puberty _ WHNP
menopause - when is it? when does it occur - ANS-"final menstrual period"
- occurs around 51-52 years old
- permanent cessation of menses resulting from loss of ovarian follicular function,
usually due to aging
- Will have decreased serum estridiol levels
Menopause signs and symptoms - ANS-- changes in period pattern
- vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes and night sweats)
- vulvovaginal symptoms (dryness, painful sex)
- sleep disturbances
- changes in memory and concentration
- psych symptoms (depression, moodiness, anxiety)
Induced menopause - ANS-cessation of menstruation that follows bilateral
oophorectomy (with or without hysterectomy), chemotherapy, or pelvic radiation therapy
Natural menopause - ANS-menopause that occurs spontaneously
premature menopause - ANS-- menopause that occurs before 40
Perimenopause - what is it? what are some changes that are noticeable? options for
treatment? when does it occur? - ANS-The time around the final menstrual period
-Aka menopause transition
-Ends one year after last period
-Can happen mid 30s to late 40s
- changes can be acute or gradua
- fertility waxes and wanes
- symptoms are worse during the first week of the cycle
Begins with variation in the menstrual cycle length of >7 days associated with a rise in
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- About 4 years in length. Can be as short as 10 months long
- Often the MOST SYMPTOMATIC phase for women
How does perimenopause change your menstrual cycle? - ANS-- interval between
periods can be shorter or longer
- flow becomes heavier or lighter
, - ovulation is erratic with pregnancy still possible
- estrogen levels are normal and FSH is elevated
Postmenopause - ANS-The years after the final menstrual period or after the cessation
of ovarian function in case of earlier hysterectomy
How do hormone levels change throughout menopause - ANS-As the menopausal
period progresses
- LH and FSH levels increase dramatically
- Ovaries fail to respond
- Leads to levels of estrogen (estradiol and estrogen) &
Androgens (testosterone, progesterone, andosterone,dihydrophyandosterone) are
reduced
Body changes during menopause - ANS-- Change in body fat distribution, specifically in
tummy area
- tooth loss due to osteoperosis
- decrease in skin collagen
- Hair loss
Changes in vision
- Hearing decline
menstrual bleeding changes in menopause & perimenopause - ANS-- changes in flow
and frequency are normal
- need work up if there is excessive bleeding
- normal to have lighter, heavier, changes in duration, and skipped periods
vasomotor symptoms - what are they? - ANS-Hallmark sign of menopause!
- Recurrent, transient episodes of flushing accompanied by a sensation of warmth to
intense heat on the upper body and face/head
- Commonly referred to as "hot flashes" by day and "night sweats" by night
- Hot flashes can sometimes involve the whole body (eg, inside of elbows, back of
knees)
Baseline labs for menopause - ANS-- Pap smear
- Mammograms
- Colonoscopy
- Lipids, glucose, thyroid
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