Personality Theory Ch. 8 Questions and Answers
As surgeons stimulated a particular part of her brain, a 65-year-old woman experienced symptoms of depression. According to the text, surgeons are most likely stimulating the central region of what part of her brain? **** substantia nigra
neurot...
As surgeons stimulated a particular part of her brain, a 65-year-old woman experienced
symptoms of depression. According to the text, surgeons are most likely stimulating the
central region of what part of her brain? **** substantia nigra
neurotransmitter to the personality trait with which it is most closely associated with
openness **** dopamine
neurotransmitter to the personality trait with which it is most closely associated with
consciousness **** serotonin
neurotransmitter to the personality trait with which it is most closely associated with
extraversion **** dopamine
neurotransmitter to the personality trait with which it is most closely associated with
agreeableness **** serotonin
neurotransmitter or hormone to the disease or syndrome with which it is most closely
associated: cortisol? **** heart disease
neurotransmitter or hormone to the disease or syndrome with which it is most closely
associated: dopamine? **** Parkinson's disease
neurotransmitter or hormone to the disease or syndrome with which it is most closely
associated: endorphins? **** chronic pain
What is the most uniquely human part of our brain? **** neocortex
Knowledge about the brain comes from three principle sources. What is not one of
these sources?
a) brain damage
b) brain stimulation
c) brain waves
d) brain imaging **** c) brain waves
Prefrontal _______ is a type of _______ in which small areas of white matter behind
each frontal lobe are deliberately damaged. In the much more drastic and damaging
procedure of prefrontal _______, surgeons remove whole sectors of the frontal lobes.
**** leucotomy, psychosurgery, lobotomy
, What do famous cases such as Phineas Gage and the patient "Elliott" demonstrate?
**** individuals with brain injuries have trouble understanding and regulating emotions.
According to the text, studying brain systems is important because the activities of
_______ areas may not mean very much in the absence of knowledge about what
_______ areas of the brain are doing at the same time. **** specific, other
Brad has had substantially more sexual partners and has demonstrated more excessive
behavior than his friend Todd has. We can safely assume that Brad has _______ levels
relative to Todd. **** high testosterone
Electroencephalography (EEG), in which electrodes are placed on the scalp to pick up
electrical signals generated by the brain activity underneath, is the oldest neuroimaging
technique. EEG signals are good at determining _______ the brain is active but not
_______ the brain is active. **** when, where
Results from prefrontal lobotomy patients suggest that the frontal lobes are associated
with what? **** cognitive control
Which of the following terms are considered to be brain systems?
a) C-system
b) nervous system
c) X-system
d) Y-system **** C-system and X-system
The phenomenon called neural context refers to the idea that data about one part of the
brain's activity might not mean much without taking what into account? **** the activity
of other areas of the brain
Neurotransmitters travel across the _______ from one _______ to the next, where they
cause a chemical reaction that has either an excitatory or inhibitory effect. In an
_______ effect, the second neuron fires, which causes the release of neurotransmitters.
In an _______ effect, the firing of the second neuron is suppressed, which might reduce
a particular behavioral response. **** synapse, neuron, excitatory, inhibitory
EEG studies of the neocortex suggest that the __________ frontal lobe is more active
when a person wants to approach something pleasant, while activity in the __________
frontal lobe is associated with wanting to withdraw from something unpleasant. **** left;
right
For centuries, psychologists have used various methods for studying how the brain
works. Place the following research methods for studying the brain in chronological
order, based on when each was developed and first used.
a) stimulation using electrodes
b) brain imaging
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