NU 306 Exam 1 Practice Questions with Complete Solutions

NU 306 Exam 1 Practice Questions with Complete Solutions **How frequently should phenobarbital be administered daily to a patient with a seizure disorder, given its 4-day half-life?** 1. Four times 2. Three times 3. Twice 4. Once **Once** **Explanation:** Medications with extended half-lives maintain therapeutic levels longer between doses, necessitating only once-daily administration. **An educator is discussing medication dosages and factors affecting drug metabolism with a group of nurses. Which factors indicate the need for lower dosages? (Select all that apply)** 1. Enhanced renal excretion 2. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes 3. Liver failure 4. Peripheral vascular disease 5. Concurrent use of medications metabolized by the same pathway **Liver failure**, **Concurrent use of medications metabolized by the same pathway** **Explanation:** Liver failure slows down metabolism, raising drug concentrations and requiring lower doses. **When administering eye drops, which steps should a nurse take? (Select all that apply)** 1. Have the patient lie on their side 2. Ask the patient to look up at the ceiling 3. Tell the patient to blink when the drops are administered 4. Drop the medication into the center of the conjunctival sac 5. Instruct the patient to gently close their eye after administration **Look up at the ceiling**, **Drop into the conjunctival sac**, **Close eyes gently** **Explanation:** Side-lying isn't ideal, and blinking may expel the medication. **For a patient with a new prescription for transdermal patches, which statement shows proper understanding?** 1. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before application." 2. "I will rotate the application sites weekly." 3. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair." 4. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch." **Apply the patch to a hairless area** **Explanation:** A hairless application site enhances medication absorption. **A nurse is tasked with verifying the trough level of a patient's medication. Which action should the nurse take?** 1. Obtain a blood specimen right before the next dose 2. Ensure the patient has taken the medication for 24 hours before drawing blood 3. Request a urine sample after the next dose 4. Administer the medication and collect a blood sample 30 minutes later **Obtain a blood specimen right before the next dose** **Explanation:** Trough levels are measured just before the next medication dose to determine the lowest concentration in the blood. **Which actions should a nurse take to comply with legal guidelines when preparing medications? (Select all that apply)** 1. Maintain competency in skills 2. Determine the correct dosage 3. Monitor for adverse reactions 4. Safeguard all medications 5. Identify the patient's diagnosis **Maintain competency**, **Monitor for adverse reactions**, **Safeguard medications** **Explanation:** Legal guidelines require skill maintenance, monitoring for adverse effects, and safeguarding medications. **How should a nurse categorize a new prescription for Lisinopril 10 mg PO once daily?** 1. Single 2. Stat 3. Routine 4. Standing **Routine** **Explanation:** The prescription is for a regular,