Lab 5: OCHEM 1 | QUE & ANSW
Liquid-Liquid extraction **** mixtures that contain different solubility properties that are separated by the "partitioning" of 2 immiscible phases
-typically H20 and an organic solvent.
Can mixtures with similar solubility properties be separated? ****
Lab 5: OCHEM 1 | QUE & ANSW
Liquid-Liquid extraction **** mixtures that contain different solubility properties that are
separated by the "partitioning" of 2 immiscible phases
-typically H20 and an organic solvent.
Can mixtures with similar solubility properties be separated? **** Yes, they might have
different chemical reactivity properties.
How can we separate a mixture that has the same solubility properties? **** We can
allow it to be converted into a species with different solubility characteristics by
changing the functional group
How can we change the functional group? **** We can treat it with an inorganic base or
acid to convert it into a water soluble salt.
What happens to the salt once we convert it? **** We separate it from the other
components by extraction into an aqueous solution. We perform neutralization of the
aqueous solution to convert the salt into its non-ionic form.
What is the process of conversion called? **** Acid-base extraction.
In this particular experiment, the organic components are both insoluble in **** H2O
and ether; but only one of these components contain an acidic functional group that will
be converted into a salt.
What reagent are we using to convert it into a salt? **** NaOH which allows the two
compounds to separate into an organic layer and an aqueous layer.
Evaporation of the ether solutions allows us to recover... **** one of the components
whereas the other layer will be converted into free organic acid.
How can we isolate the organic acid? **** Vacuum suction.
Liquid-liquid extraction is carried out by a **** separatory funnel
Typical examples of organic solvents that can be used are **** hexane, benzene,
chloroform, carbon tetrachloride in which all of them have relatively low boiling points.
It is important for the solvents to have low boiling points so that **** the compounds
dissolved in the organic layer can be isolated by evaporation of the solvent.
It is important that the solvent is NOT ___ with water **** miscible
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