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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 Questions & answers
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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1Active transport - ✅✅-Low to high, required ATP
All cells have: - ✅✅-Plasma membrane, cytosol, chromosomes, ribosomes,
and cytoskeleton
All cells have... -✅✅-Plasma membrane, cytosol, 1 or more chromosomes,
ribosomes, and cytoskeleton
Amino Acid Monomers create.... - ✅✅-PROTEINS
Amino acids -✅✅-monomer for proteins
Amino group - ✅✅-
An example of a slight change in primary structure of a protein - ✅✅-Sickle Cell
anemia
Antiporter - ✅✅-Two or more ions are transported in opposite directions
Aqueous Solution - ✅✅-When water is the solvent
Are lipids soluble in water? - ✅✅-No, they are nonpolar.
Atomic number - ✅✅-How many protons are in an element
Atoms - ✅✅-The smallest functional units of matter that form ALL chemical
substances
Carbohydrates - ✅✅ -composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
Primary source of energy in animals and serve as a building material for much of
the plant body.
, Carbon - ✅✅ -Element, life's Building Blocks. Four valence electrons. Looking
for four bonds. Can form nonpolar or polar bonds
✅✅-
Carboxyl group -
Cell Theory - ✅✅-All cells come from pre-existing cells, cells are the smallest
units of life, organisms are composed of one or more cells.
Cell Theory - ✅✅ -All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, cells
are the smallest units of life, new cells come only from pre-existing cells by cell
division
Cell Wall -✅✅-forms a protective exoskeleton. Made of large carbohydrates
Cellulose - ✅✅-The most abundant organic compound on earth. Forms
cable-like fibrils in the walls that enclose plant cells and cannot be broken apart
by most animals.
Chloroplasts - ✅✅ -Most plants and algal cells have these. Have three
membranes. Innermost membranes contains flattened sacs called thylakoids,
thylakoids are arranged in stacks called grana, surrounding the thylakoids is the
stroma. Contain own DNA and manufacture their own ribosomes
✅✅-move in a coordinated back and forth motion
Cilia -
Cohesion - ✅✅-The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together.
Ex; sipping through a straw. In order for the water to be sucked up and stuck
together is cohesion
Compounds - ✅✅-Putting two elements together
Covalent Bond - ✅✅-Forms when two atoms SHARE one or more pairs of
outer-shell electrons. These bonds are the strongest of bonds.
Cytoskeleton - ✅✅ -a network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm.
Provides mechanical support to the cell and helps a cell maintain it's shape.
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