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ARCH 249 Exam 1 Review Questions & answers
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ARCH 249 Exam 1 ReviewChapter 1: The Beginnings of Architecture - ANS-Egypt, Mesopotamia and early
civilization
What was the focus of Bernard Rudofsky's "Architecture without Architects" exhibition? -
ANS-Chronologically and geographically inclusive study of the built environment
The most dramatic images from prehistoric times that were found in France and Spain
are the ___________? - ANS-The paleolithic cave paintings
The extremely influential exhibition organized by Bernard Rudofsky at the Museum of
Modern Art in New York City was _________? - ANS-Architecture without Architects
What was true about the Sumerians? - ANS-1. They are credited with forming the
world's first civilization
2. They mastered arts of agriculture and developed irrigation systems
What do the following Egyptian terms for afterlife elements mean? Ka, Ba, Akh -
ANS-Ka- life force
Ba- physical manifestation
Akh- spirit
What were the pylon gates constructed in New-Kingdom temples? - ANS-They were the
gates to the underworld through which the eternal spirit must pass
They were the entrances through which the sun was reborn every day
What was a difference between Jericho and Catal Huyuk? - ANS-Jericho- fortified
settlement with a stone wall
Catal Huyuk- unfortified settlement with no streets
Who added an outer layer to the pyramid that may have been for Huni, the last pharaoh
of the Third Dynasty? - ANS-Sneferu
What regions are considered the cradles of Western history and architecture? -
ANS-Egypt and Mesopotamia
The largest roofed space in the palace at Persepolis that was able to contain 10,000
people within its 250-footsquare plan was the - ANS-Hall of a Hundred Columns
, What did the palace at Assyrian King Sargon II's royal city of Khorsabad in
Mesopotamia have? - ANS-It was orthogonally organized around multiple courts
It was embedded in the city's massive surrounding wall, which was reinforced by
repetitive towers
What was discovered at sites in the central Russian Plain, dated to about 14,000 BCE?
- ANS-Huts constructed of mammoth bones
What is true of Sneferu's construction of the "bent" pyramid at Dahshur? - ANS-It gains
added stability from its reduced angle of inclination
It was changed to lower inclination angle when it was half-built
What are the phases of the construction of Stonehenge with their respective additions to
the structure? - ANS-1st phase- 56 evenly spaced holes were dug and filled with chalk
2nd phase-
3rd phase- 35 lintels and forty sarcen stones weighing up to 20 tons each were erected
In about 3000 BCE, perhaps as a result of contacts with Mesopotamia, another center
of civilization emerged in _____? - ANS-Egypt
What is something true about the temple at Eridu at Sumeria? - ANS-Its buttressed
walls enclosed a rectangular shrine room flanked by smaller side chambers
What did the chambers in Khufu's pyramid represent? - ANS-Lower- it is thought to
represent the underworld
Middle- it served as Khufu's spirit chamber
Upper- it contains a granite sarcophagus in which Khufu was buried
At Assyrian King Sargon II's royal city of _______ in Mesopotamia, architects employed
both architecture and art to communicate the awe-inspiring power of their ruler. -
ANS-Khorsabad
What is true of pharaoh Amenophis IV? - ANS-He instituted a monotheistic religion
devoted to the sun disc Aten
He disavowed the multitudes of deities
What is true about Queen Hatshepsut's funerary complex? - ANS-Its overall design was
inspired by the neighboring temple of Mentuhotep
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