Exam 1 Flashcards
Attended stimulus - ✅✅-The actual stimulus to which a perceiver is currently
attending
Depth cues - ✅✅ -Visual features that allow a viewer to determine the relative
distances of different points in an image
Environmental Stimulus - ✅✅ -Everything in our surroundings that we could
potentially perceive at a given time
Achromatopsia - ✅✅-A loss of ability to see color due to damage to the
visual cortex
Frequency -✅✅-Number of times per second a wave repeats itself
Ames room - ✅✅-Special room built to create size/distance illusions with real
human models
Gestalt principles - ✅✅-Principles of visual grouping or organization
✅✅-A distorted or incorrect perception
Illusion -
Naive realism - ✅✅-the idea that we perceive the real world directly, as it
actually is
Inverse problem - ✅✅-Deriving a model from data
ex. creating an accurate model of a 3D scene from a 2D projection
Linear perspective - ✅✅ -depth cue based on the impression that parallel
lines meet in the distance, thus objects of a given size decrease in apparent
size with distance
Modularity - ✅✅
-Consisting of multiple components or subsystems, each
somewhat independent of or encapsulated from the others
Akinetopsia - ✅✅-A loss of ability to see motion due to damage to the visual
cortex
Interposition - ✅✅-A depth cue in which one object partly covering another is
assumed to be closer in distance
Wavelength - ✅✅-The distance traveled by a wave over a single cycle
, Forward problem - ✅✅-Predicting data from a model
Ex. Predicting the 2D projection of a known 3D scene
Principle of proximity - ✅✅ -Gestalt principle that refers to the tendency to
see points or things that are close to each other as belonging together
Photon -✅✅-A unit or "packet" of light energy
Electromagnetic spectrum - ✅✅-Continuum of wave energy, a narrow band of
which is visible light
Photoreceptor -✅✅-Light sensitive cell on the retina
Transduction - ✅✅-The transformation of energy form the environment into
electrical energy in the nervous system
ex. Light waves, sound waves
Principle of closure - ✅✅
-Gestalt principle that refers to the tendency to fill in
an incomplete object or incompletely enclosed space
Principle of good continuation - ✅✅ -Gestalt principle that refers to the
tendency to see points that follow a straight or smoothly curving line as
connected, or more generally to prefer straight or smoothly curving lines
Ill-posed problem - ✅✅-A problem that cannot be solved with the information
given
Principle of similarity -✅✅ -Gestalt principle that refers to the tendency to
see similar things as belonging together
Prosopagnosia - ✅✅ -A visual disorder in which a person is unable to
recognize faces, while retaining the ability to recognize other types of objects
Tacit knowledge - ✅✅ -The "missing information" about the nature of physical
reality that allows us to automatically arrive at the most likely interpretation of
a given input.
Ex. depth cues, gestalt principles
Texture gradient - ✅✅ -A depth cue that relies on the fact that the texture of
surfaces should appear denser the greater the distance from the observer
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