NURS 280 Chronic and Pal Care Exam 1 Sample Questions with Correct Answers

An elderly patient has presented to the clinic with a new diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The patient's daughter is accompanying him and you have explained why the incidence of chronic diseases tends to increase with age. What rationale for this phenomenon should you describe? A) With age, biological changes reduce the efficiency of body systems. B) Older adults often have less support and care from their family, resulting in illness. C) There is an increased morbidity of peers in this age group, and this leads to the older adults' desire to also assume the sick role. D) Chronic illnesses are diagnosed more often in older adults because they have more contact with the health care system. A A patient tells the nurse that her doctor just told her that her new diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is considered to be a chronic condition. She asks the nurse what chronic condition means. What would be the nurse's best response? A) Chronic conditions are defined as health problems that require management for several months or longer. B) Chronic conditions are diseases that come and go in a relatively predictable cycle. C) Chronic conditions are medical conditions that culminate in disabilities that require hospitalization. D) Chronic conditions are those that require short-term management in extended-care facilities. A A medical-surgical nurse is teaching a patient about the health implications of her recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The nurse should teach the patient to be proactive with her glycemic control in order to reduce her risk of what health problem? A) Arthritis B) Renal failure C) Pancreatic cancer D) Asthma B A patient who undergoes hemodialysis three times weekly is on a fluid restriction of 1000 mL/day. The nurse sees the patient drinking a 355-mL (12 ounce) soft drink after the patient has already reached the maximum intake of fluid for the day. What action should the nurse take? A) Take the soft drink away from the patient and inform the dialysis nurse to remove extra fluid from the patient during the next dialysis treatment B) Document the patients behavior as noncompliant and notify the physician C) Further restrict the patients fluid for the following day and communicate this information to the charge nurse D) Reinforce the importance of the fluid restriction and document the teaching and the intake of extra fluid D