Exam (elaborations)
MIDTERM PATHO 370
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Exam of 17 pages for the course PATH 370 at PATH 370 (MIDTERM PATHO 370)
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MIDTERM PATHO 3701 After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a
cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention
.d. disease treatment. - correct answer-c
A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs
of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence - correct answer-b
A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
intake. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment. - correct answer-b
what clinical course would you see SIGNS & SYMPTOMS? - correct answer-PRODROMAL
A disease that is native to a particular region is called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic. - correct answer-b
C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed
a pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin
rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore
throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and
antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is
a. genetic susceptibility.
b. pharyngitis.
c. streptococcal infection.
d. a sore throat. - correct answer-c
,The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are
well established, is referred as
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence. - correct answer-b
When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic
a. true
b. false - correct answer-a
primary level of prevention - correct answer-prevention before you ever have a disease;
immunization
Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous
system and are mediated by?
a. norepinephrine.
b. cortisol.
c. glucagon.
d. ACTH. - correct answer-a
Allostasis is best defined as
a. steady-state.
b. a state of equilibrium, of balance within the organism.
c. the process by which the body heals following disease.
d. the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival andwell-being. -
correct answer-d
Selye's three phases of the stress response include all the following except?
a. allostasis.
b. resistance.
c. alarm.
d. exhaustion. - correct answer-a
All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except?
a. aldosterone.
b. cortisol.
c. norepinephrine.
d. epinephrine. - correct answer-a
Your patient eats "lots of fat," leads a "stressful" life, and has smoked "about two packs a day
for the last 40 years." Her chronic morning cough recently worsened, and she was
diagnosed with a lung mass. The most likely contributing factor for development of lung
cancer in this patient is
a. stressful lifestyle.
, b. high-fat diet
.c. cigarette smoking
.d. urban pollutants. - correct answer-c
The nurse is swabbing a patient's throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must
understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a
condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed sensitivity.
true or false? - correct answer-true
After surgery to remove a lung tumor, your patient is scheduled for chemotherapy, which will
a. kill rapidly dividing cells.
b. have minimal side effects.
c. selectively kill tumor cells.
d. stimulate immune cells to fight the cancer. - correct answer-a
The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is
a. energy and repair.
b. invoke resting state.
c. produce exhaustion.
d. set a new baseline steady-state. - correct answer-a
Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in
a. stress reduction.
b. permanent damage and death.
c. movement into the resistance stage.
d. exhaustion of the sympathetic nervous system. - correct answer-b
The effect of stress on the immune system
a. is unknown.
b. has been demonstrated to be non-existent in studies.
c. most often involves enhancement of the immune system.
d. may involve enhancement or impairment the immune system. - correct answer-d
Aldosterone may increase during stress, leading to
(Select all that apply.)
a. decreased urinary output.
b. increased blood potassium.
c. increased sodium retention.
d. increased blood volume.
e. decreased blood pressure. - correct answer-a c d
Chronic activation of stress hormones can lead to
(Select all that apply.)
a. cardiovascular disease.
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