HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Endocrine System Already Rated A+

HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology Endocrine System Already Rated A+ - Functions of the endocrine system: ️The endocrine system assists the nervous system in maintaining homeostasis and plays important roles in growth and sexual maturation. - The endocrine system and the nervous system meet at: ️The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. - The hypothalamus governs the: ️Pituitary gland. - The hypothalamus is controlled by: ️Feedback from hormones in the blood. - The nervous and endocrine systems coordinate and control the body. - The endocrine system has more long-lasting and widespread effects. - Hormones are chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells. - The two major groups of hormones are: ️Steroid and nonsteroid. - Steroid hormones: Enter target cells and have a direct effect on the DNA in the nucleus. - Some nonsteroid hormones are protein hormones. - Many protein hormones remain at the cell surface and act through a second messenger substance called AMP (adenosine monophosphate). - Most hormones affect cell activity by altering: ️The rate of protein synthesis. - Endocrine glands are widely distributed. endocrine glands are grouped together because the main function of each gland is to ? ️produce hormones other organs such as ________._________ & _________ produce hormones as well but have other primary functions ️stomach, small intestine, kidneys multiple hormones are released during stress from ? ️the adrenal cortex, the hypothalamus, the posterior & anterior pituitary cortisol is released from ? ️the adrenal cortex cortisol functions = ️reduces inflammation, raises blood sugar, inhibits histamine release the _____________ is nicknamed the master gland ️pituitary the ____________ is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk called the _____________ ️pituitary, infundibulum the 2 major portions of the pituitary are ? ️the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis), the posterior lobe (neurohypophysis) hormones of the adenohypophysis are _________ hormones because the act mainly on ________________ ️tropic, endocrine glands tropic hormones include...... ️somatotropin (STH) otherwise called growth hormone (GH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Lutinizing hormone (LH) Other important endocrine glands include.... ️thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, gonads endocrine system works alongside the ___________ system to coordinate functions of different body systems ️nervous endocrine system contains endocrine glands that release their hormones _________ into the bloodstream ️directly ____________ are substances that arouse the body to activity and are often dependent upon one another in their action (secretion of one will excite another gland to produce its __________ too ️hormones, hormone(s) hormones travel around the body in the ____________ ️bloodstream hormones affect only certain cells which are their __________ ________ ️target cells cells that contain the correct molecular information that allow a hormone to bind to that particular cell = ️target cells how cells respond to hormones depends on the hormone as well at the _______ itself ️cell master endocrine gland located in the brain = ️the hypothalamus the ____________ receives information about pain, stress, etc.. ️hypothalamus the ______ regulates the autonomic nervous system that controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, etc. ️hypothalamus the _________ regulates release of a number of other hormones that act on other glands ️hypothalamus ________ is located in the center of the skull and is attached to the hypothalamus ️pituitary release or suppression of a pituitary hormones is controlled by the ️hypothalamus the two parts of the pituitary are the _______ & the ________ ️anterior, posterior the _________ __________ tends to store oxytocin and anti-diuretic hormone ️posterior pituitary __________ is used by the body to stimulate uterine contractions ️oxytoci