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NUR1172 exam 3 Questions & answers
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NUR1172 exam 3abuse of alcohol can lead to diminished levels of which minerals? - ANS-K, Mg, Zn
aspirin, an analgesic, has an enhanced effect when combined with what substance? -
ANS-caffeine
how can poor nutritional status have a major impact on the risk of drug-nutrient
interactions? - ANS-- stimulated or suppressed appetite
- decreased intestinal absorption
- increased renal excretion
- competition/displacement of nutrients from carrier protein sites
- interference w/ synthesis of necessary enzyme, co-enzyme, or carrier
- hormonal effects on genetic systems
- drug delivery system
-components in drug formation
list 3 drugs that have delayed/reduced absorption in the presence of food - ANS-aspirin
tetracycline
phenytoin
name potential drug effects on food intake - ANS-- appetite, taste and smell changes
- GI effects: nausea, vomiting, bleeding, ulceration, intestinal peristalsis
-changes in intestinal flora
some diuretics may cause potassium losses. what are potential effects of potassium
deficiency? - ANS-weakness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, listlessness, apprehension,
diffuse pain, drowsiness, stupor, irrational behavior
what are 5 factors that contribute to increased absorption of a drug? - ANS-dissolving
characteristics
gastric emptying rate
nutrients
blood flow
nutritional status
what are vitamin antagonists - ANS-drugs that act as metabolic antagonists and cause
deficiencies of vitamins involved
, why are older adults at increased risk of harmful drug-drug or drug-nutrient interactions?
- ANS--polypharmacy
-drugs are likely to be more toxic
-respond to drugs w/ greater variability
-have less capability of handling drugs efficiently
-nutritional status is more likely to be deficient
-more likely to make increased errors in self-care due to illness/confusion/lack of info on
drug
why should aspirin never be taken when using alcohol? - ANS-aspirin increases the
bioavailability of alcohol, raising the blood concentration and thus the effect of alcohol
on brain centers
how does exercise affect individuals with diabetes? - ANS-its action in increasing the
number of insulin receptors on muscle cells, thus increasing insulin efficiency
name 3 metabolic uses for blood glucose - ANS-glycogenesis
lipogenesis
glycolysis
name the 3 types of insulin - ANS-rapid acting
intermediate acting
long acting
what are classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus? - ANS-weight loss, increased
urination, increased hunger, fruity smell to breath, fatigue or weakness, thirst
what are common symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus - ANS-poor wound healing or
recurrent infections, blurred vision, skin irritation or infection, recurrent gum or bladder
infections
What does glucagon do? - ANS-functions as balancing antagonist to insulin
- causes breakdown of liver glycogen and fatty acids from adipose for body fuel
-this raises blood glucose levels to protect brain/other body tissues
-helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting hours of sleep
what is the normal blood glucose range? - ANS-70-120 mg/dL
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