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ATLS Post Test Complete Exam Questions and Answers 2024
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ATLS Post Test Complete Exam Questions and Answers 2024
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1ATLS Post Test Complete Exam Questions and Answers 2024
1. Which of the following is the recommended Method for trestemt frostbite?Vasodilator
sAnticigulan
tsWarm (40 degrees) water
Padding and elevationA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Application of heat from a hairdryer- C. Warm (40 degrees) water
2. Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of hypotension other than spinal cord injury?
Prispis
mBradycardi
aDiaphragmatic breathingPresence of deep tendon reflexesA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Ability to flex forearms but not extend them- D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes. Spinal shock refers to loss ofmuscle toe (flaccidty) and loss of reflexes.
3. The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level trauma center is:Unavailibility of surgeon or operating staffMultiple system injuries, including severe head injuryResource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
Resource limitations as determined by the hospital administrationA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma- C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor (MÅSJEKKES)
4
.A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is brought promptlyto the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and his
systolic blood pressure is 58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated
without improvement in his vital signs. The next, most appropriate, step is toperfor
m:a laparotomy
An abdominal CT-
scanDiagnostic laparoscopyAbdominal ultrasonographyA.
B.
C.
D.
E.A diagnostic peritoneal lavage- A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic abnormality
5. A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his overturned tractorfor several hours before medical assistance arrives. He is awake and alert untiljust before arriving in the ED. He is now unconscious and responds only topainful stimuli by moaning. His pupils are 3mm in diameter and symmetrically 2
reactive to light. Prehospital personnel indicate that they have not seen thepatient move either of his lower extremities. On examination in the ED, nomovement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response to painfulstimuli. The most likely cause for this finding is:An epidural hematomaA pelvic fractureCentral cord syndromeIntracerebral hemorrhageA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Bilateral compartment syndrome- MÅ SJEKKES
6. A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED. He is lethargic,but withdraws purposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure is 90mmHgsystolic, heart rate 140 beats per minute and his respiratory rate is 36 breathsper minute. The preferred route of venous access in this patient is:Percutaneous femoral vein cannulationCutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankleIntraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibiaPercutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremitiesA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein- D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
7. A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought promptlyto the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and he isconfused. His pulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. Thedefinitive treatment in managing this patient is to:Administer O-negative bloodApply external warming devicesControl internal hemorrhage operatively
Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)A.
B.
C.
D.
E.Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions.- C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
8. Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?Vital signs are age-
relatedChildren have greater physiologic reserves than do adultsT achycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemiaA.
B.
C.
D.The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock isthe same as in adults
E.An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20ml/kgRingers Lactate- D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock isthe same as in adults
9. A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56km/h (35mph). He has obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvic area, and 3
severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats per minute, and his respiratory rateis 48 breaths per minute with no breath sounds heard in the left chest. A tensionpneumothorax is relieved by immediate needle decompression and tubethoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats per minute,his respirartory rate decreases to 36 breaths per minute and his blood pressureis 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers lactate is adminstered intravenously. The nextpriority should be to:Perform external fixation of the pelvisObtain abdominal and pelvic CT-
scansPerform arterial embolization of the pelvic vesselPerform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FASTA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Perform a urethrogram and cystogram- D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
10. A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a closed head injury,multiple palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral femur fractures. He is intubatedorotracheally without difficulty. Initially, his ventilations are easily assisted with abag-mask device. It becomes more difficult to ventilate the patient over the next 5minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation level decreases from 98% to89%. The most appropriate next step is to:Obtain a chest x-ray
Decrease the tidal volumeDecrease PEEPIncrease the rate of assisted ventilationsA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Perform needle decompression of the left chest.- A. Obtain a chest x-ray (MÅ SJEKKES)
11. A 30-year-old man sustains a severely comminuted, open, distal right femurfracture in a motorcycle crash. The wound is actively bleeding. Normal sensationis present over the lateral aspect of the foot but decreased over the medial footand great toe. Normal motion of the foot is observed. Dorsalis pedis andposterior tibial pulses are easily palpable on the left, but heard only by Doppleron the right. Immediate efforts to improve circulation to the injured extremityshould involve:Immediate angiographyTamponade of the wound with a pressure dressing
Wound exploration and removal of bony fragmentsRealignment of the fracture segments with a traction splintA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Fasciotomy of all four compartments in the lower extremity- B. T amponade of the wound with a pressure dressing
12
.An 18-yeard-old, unhelmeted motorcyclist is brought by ambulance to the EDfollowing a crash. He had decreased level of consciousness at the scene, butthen was alert and conversational during transportation. Now his GCS is only 11.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Cerebral perfusion is intact 4
Intravascular volume status is normalThe patient is in a postictal stateIntra-abdominal visceral injury is unlikelyB.
C.
D.
E.The patient probably has an acute epidural hematoma
-E. The patient probably has an acute epidural hematoma
13. A previously healthy, 70kg (175 pound) man suffers an estimated acute blood loss of two liters. Which one of the following statements apply to this patient?His pulse pressure will be widenedHis urinary output will be at the lower limits of normalHe will have tachycardia, but no change in systolic blood pressureA.
B.
C.
D
.His systolic blood pressure will be decreased with a narrowed, pulsepressur
eE.His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevated
diastolic pressure.
- E. His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevateddiastolic pressure.
14. The physioclogic hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in the management of the severely injured gravid woman byReducing the need for blood transfusionIncreasing the risk of pulmonary edemaComplicating the management of closed head injuryA.
B.
C.
D.Increasing the volume of blood loss to produce shock/maternal
hypotension
E.Reducing the volume of crystalloid required for resuscitation- D. Increasing the volume of blood loss to produce shock
15. A 17-year-old helmeted motorcyclist loses consciousness when he is struckbroad side by an automobile at an intersection. He arrives in the ED with a bloodpressure of 140/92, pulse rate 88 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 18breaths per minue, and a GCS of 7. Appropriate initial immobilization of this patient should include a semi-rigid cervical collar and:A scoop stretcherA long spine board
A short spine boardCervical traction tongsA.
B.
C.
D.
E.Pneumatic antishock garment- B. A long spine board
16. During an altercation, a 36-year-old man sustains a gunshot wound above thenipple line on the right, with an exit wound posteriorly above the scapula on theright. He is transported by ambulance to a community hospital. He isendotracheally intubated, close tube thoracostomy is performed, and 2 litersRingers lactate solution are infused via 2 large-caliber IV´s. His blood pressurenow is 60/0mmHg, heart rate is 160 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 14
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