NURS 410 - Exam 3
ways to keep a community safe by checking risk factors for violence- ✅✅
home
environment, past abuse, substance abusers in the home, parent-child connectedness,
positive academics, involvement in purposeful activities
factors that trigger violence- ✅✅ unemployment, school conflict, media, religion,
population characteristics
primary prevention for violence- ✅✅ advocating for policy change, building
self-esteem, intervening early if risk factors are seen
secondary prevention for violence- ✅✅ careful physical exams, teaching appropriate
parenting skills, teaching stress reduction techniques, teaching childcare skills, being
involved with transitional shelters
tertiary prevention for violence- ✅✅referrals to safe and anonymous housing,
providing menu of options, reviewing plan of escape
homicide- ✅✅ public health issue b/c it is a major cause of death in the US; majority
are carried out by someone the victim knew; CHNs are in a position to strengthen
relationships among individuals and their families/communities
rape-✅✅ considered a crime of violence; underreported due to fear of speaking out
and not having anyone believe them; majority of cases are intimate partner violence;
defining issue is lack of consent
lowering risk factors for violence- ✅✅ education about healthy conflict resolution,
providing resources, support
characteristics of gangs- ✅✅ common name or symbol, clothing or skin markers,
associated with violent acts that may become more deadly, average age is 17 to 18, half
of youth gang members are 18 or older, tenure tends to be brief in 50-65% of cases,
male teens predominate, nearly 40% of gangs report female
reasons youths join gangs- ✅✅seek thrill and excitement; seek prestige, protection, or
chance to make money; seek a belonging, love, structure, and discipline; seek
recognition and power; seek companionship; seek acceptance; family tradition
, ✅✅
risk factors for gangs- poverty, lack of support network including a stable home
environment, media influence
✅✅
protective factors for violence- build self-esteem and personal responsibility; curb
impulsivity; teach alternative ways to cope; teach problem-solving skills; advocate for
after-school programs and recreational activities; teach appropriate conflict resolution
techniques
substance use disorder- ✅✅ condition in which one or more substances leads to
clinically significant impairment or distress
normalizing substance abuse- ✅✅ not considered a disease of will - people do not
intend to become alcoholics and/or addicts; not a sin or moral failing; relapse is a part of
recovery; public health issue
experimental use stage of substance abuse- ✅✅ curiosity; adolescents are most
vulnerable to this stage
misuse stage of substance abuse- ✅✅ social context; often times it is planned out in
advance when they will misuse substances in a social setting
abuse stage of substance abuse- ✅✅ seeking to affect the mood, perceptions, and
thoughts
dependence stage of substance abuse- ✅✅ brain's neurons adapt to repeated use;
avoid negative withdrawal symptoms; stage leads to addiction if not treated
addiction stage of substance abuse- ✅✅ loss of control when abstaining from use;
disease of the brain
risk factors for substance abuse- ✅✅ substance abuse by a parent, physical or sexual
abuse, smoking tobacco, family dysfunction/chaos, peer influence, age of onset of use,
early persistent antisocial behavior, rebelliousness, academic failure, poverty, favorable
attitudes to alcohol and drugs, mental health issues
primary prevention for substance abuse- ✅✅focus on how to resist getting involved in
substance abuse; education about drugs and guidelines for appropriate use; promotion
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