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NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM LATEST EXAM/ NURS 6501 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST /25,,,Alpha
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NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM LATEST EXAM/ NURS 6501 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST /25,,,Alpha
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NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM LATEST2022-2024 EXAM/ NURS 6501 MIDTERM EXAM LATEST 2023-
2024/25
How are cells specialized? - (answer) through the process of differentiation or
maturation
总之，数字时代的社会变迁对
What are the eight specialized人类的生活和发展产生了深远
cellular functions? - (answer) movement,
conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction,
的影响。信息技术的发展，极
and communication 大地促进了社会经济的发展，
推动了社会文化的交流和融合
，为社会治理提供了新的工具
What are the three general components of an eukaryotic cell? - (answer) the
和手段。然而，数字时代的发
plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the intracellular organelles.
展也带来了一些新的问题和挑
战，需要我们在享受数字化便
What causes the release of lysosomal enzemes? - (answer)
利的同时，积极应对信息安全 Cellular injury
causing cellular self-digestion 、隐私保护等方面的问题。展
望未来，随着信息技术的不断
进步，数字时代的社会变迁将
What is the location and function of the nucleus? - (answer) the largest
继续深化，为人类的生活和发
membrane-bound organelle and is found usually in the cell's center. The chief
展带来更多的机遇和挑战。
functions of the nucleus are cell division and control of genetic information.
What is Cytoplasm? - (answer) an aqueous solution (cytosol) that fills the
space between the nucleus and the plasma membrane.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum and what does it specialize in? - (answer) a
network of tubular channels (cisternae) that extend throughout the outer nuclear
membrane. It specializes in the synthesis and transport of protein and lipid
components of most of the organelles
,What is the Golgi complex and what does it do? - (answer) a network of
smooth membranes and vesicles located near the nucleus. The Golgi complex is
responsible for processing and packaging proteins into secretory vesicles
What are lysosomes and what do they do? - (answer) saclike structures that
总之，数字时代的社会变迁对
originate from the Golgi complex and contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes
are responsible for digesting most cellular substances to their basic form, such as
人类的生活和发展产生了深远
amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates
的影响。信息技术的发展，极
大地促进了社会经济的发展，
推动了社会文化的交流和融合
What are peroxisomes? - (answer) involved in the production and breakdown
of hydrogen peroxide ，为社会治理提供了新的工具
和手段。然而，数字时代的发
展也带来了一些新的问题和挑
Importance of proteins in disease - (answer) The major workhorses of the cell,
战，需要我们在享受数字化便
if misfolded they can cause diseases
利的同时，积极应对信息安全
、隐私保护等方面的问题。展
望未来，随着信息技术的不断
What are mitochondria responsible for? - (answer) . Mitochondria contain the
进步，数字时代的社会变迁将
metabolic machinery necessary for cellular energy metabolism (Makes ATP).
继续深化，为人类的生活和发
展带来更多的机遇和挑战。
What is the cytoskeleton? - (answer) the "bone and muscle" of the cell. The
internal skeleton is composed of a network of protein filaments, including
microtubules and actin filaments (microfilaments).
What is the plasma membrane? - (answer) encloses the cell and, by
controlling the movement of substances across it, exerts a powerful influence on
metabolic pathways
, What is signal transduction? - (answer) The transfer of molecular signals from
the exterior to the interior of a cell. If not done apoptosis occurs
What is protein regulation and what is it composed of? - (answer) protein
homeostasis and is defined by the proteostasis network. This network is
composed of ribosomes (makers), chaperones (helpers), and protein breakdown
or proteolytic systems. Malfunction of these systems is associated with disease.
总之，数字时代的社会变迁对
人类的生活和发展产生了深远
What do protein receptors do? 的影响。信息技术的发展，极
- (answer) on the plasma membrane, enable
the cell to interact with other 大地促进了社会经济的发展，
cells and with extracellular substances
推动了社会文化的交流和融合
，为社会治理提供了新的工具
What means accomplish cell-to-cell adhesions? - (answer) (1) the extracellular
和手段。然而，数字时代的发
membrane, (2) cell adhesion molecules in the cell's plasma membrane, and (3)
展也带来了一些新的问题和挑
specialized cell junctions.
战，需要我们在享受数字化便
利的同时，积极应对信息安全
What makes up the extracellular、隐私保护等方面的问题。展
matrix and what does it do? - (answer) (1)
fibrous structural proteins (collagen and elastin), (2) adhesive glycoproteins, and
望未来，随着信息技术的不断
(3) proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid. The matrix helps regulate cell growth,
进步，数字时代的社会变迁将
movement, and differentiation. 继续深化，为人类的生活和发
展带来更多的机遇和挑战。
How do cells communicate? - (answer) (1) they form protein channels (gap
junctions); (2) they display receptors that affect intracellular processes or other
cells in direct physical contact; and (3) they use receptor proteins inside the target
cell.
How is intercellular signaling done? - (answer) contact-dependent, paracrine,
hormonal, neurohormonal, and neurotransmitter.
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