NSG 124 Pharmacology Exam 2 Part A
Antibacterial - correct answer-designed to fight against or kill bacteria
Antifungal - correct answer-a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
Antiviral - correct answer-drug used to treat viral infections
Factors in choosing Antibiotics - correct answer-1. identify the infecting organism
2. Drug sensitivity
3. Host factors
Factors that may change when choosing Antibiotics - correct answer-1. allergy to drug of
choice
2. inability of drug to penetrate site of infection
3. heightened susceptibility of patient for toxicity( renal dysfunction)
Uses for Antimicrobial Drugs - correct answer-1. pre-op medication for prophylactic
treatment prior to surgery
2. individuals with valvular disease to prevent endocarditis
3. Patients with neutropenia/high risk of infection
Misuses of Antimicrobials - correct answer-1. treatment of viral infections (mumps,
chickenpox, common cold which do not respond)
2. Fever of unknown origin
3. Improper dosage
Broad Spectrum Penicillins - correct answer-Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
Narrow Spectrum Penicillins - correct answer-Penicillin G
Penicillin V
Which penicillin is the most common to work against drug allergies, is the least toxic, and
works better because its more specific? - correct answer-Napocillin
Severe reaction to Penicillin - correct answer-hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, and anaphylaxis
Mild reaction to Penicillin - correct answer-Itching
What medication can never be mixed with Penicillin? - correct answer-Gentamicin
Nursing Considerations when giving Cephalosporin? - correct answer-1. perform cultures
prior to administration
2. determine the proper route
3. Oral meds must be refrigerated
4. IM route is more painful due to thickness of medication
, What is the half-life of Carbapenems? - correct answer-1 hour
How are Carbapenems excreted? - correct answer-eliminated renally through the urine
Adverse effects of Carbapenems - correct answer-nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
What is the normal adult dose of Carbapenem? - correct answer-500mg q6h
What is the primary use of Tetracycline? - correct answer-Severe acne
Ulcer disease
periodontal disease
Adverse Effects of Tetracycline - correct answer-Gi: diarrhea
Staining of the teeth
Primary use of Macrolide - correct answer-to treat whooping cough, diptheria, chlamydia,
and substitute for penicillin
What does Clindamycin treat? - correct answer-Toxin producing staph, MRSA, streptococci,
anaerobes
What is the most common Aminoglycoside? - correct answer-Gentamicin
Nursing consideration for Aminoglycosides - correct answer-1. what type of therapy?
2. can be administered in 1 large dose or 2 divided doses
3. Always draw a peak 1 HR after injection and trough 30 min after IV infusion
4. DO NOT MIX GENTAMICIN AND PENICILLIN IN SAME IV
How do Sulfonamides work? - correct answer-Competitively inhibit the pathway for folic acid
synthesis and prevent the growth of bacteria
Most common treatment for tuberculosis - correct answer-Isoniazide
How should Isoniazide be taken? - correct answer-on empty stomach 1 hr before or 2 hours
after meals
Most common Fluroquinolone and what does it treat? - correct answer-Ciprofloxcin treats
upper respiratory infections and GI infections
Flagyl (metronidazole) - correct answer-Classification: Antiinfective, antiulcer, Antiprotozoal
Therapeutic Effects: Treatment of anaerobic and parasitic infections
Adverse Reactions & side effects: SEIZURES, dizziness, HA, anorexia, nausea, GI effects
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