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BSNC 1000 - PERFUSION Questions and answers
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BSNC 1000 - PERFUSION Questions and answers
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BSNC 1000 - PERFUSIONActivation of Sympathetic NS - correct answer-- Decreases vessel diameter
- Increases CO
- Increases TPR
Aldosterone - correct answer-- Promotes Na and Water retention in kidneys
- Increases blood volume and pressure
- Increases CO
Arterial System - correct answer-Distributes blood and regulates pressure
Assessments: - correct answer-- Client history
- Examination
- Diagnostic tests
At risk for Hypertension - correct answer-- Males
- Elderly
- African ancestry
Blood Pressure - correct answer-Force of blood against the walls of blood vessels
Blood Pressure Cuff Theory - correct answer-- Cuff stops arterial blood flow when inflated
- Korotkoff sounds are created by pulsing blood flow through compressed artery
- Blood flow is silent when artery isn't compressed
Blood Viscosity Decreases Because: - correct answer-- Anemia: Load that the heart works
against is lower so TPR decreases
- Hypoproteinemia: Plasma proteins go down so blood is thinner so TPR decreases
Blood Volume Influenced By: - correct answer--sodium ingestion and excretion
-renin/aldosterone
Bradycardia - correct answer-< 60 bpm
Capillary beds - correct answer-Transfer of materials between circulation and tissues
Cardiac Output Influenced By: - correct answer-- BPM
- Volume of blood
Central Perfusion - correct answer-- Generated by CO
- Propels blood to various organs and returns to heart
Collaborative Interventions - Hypertension - correct answer-- Nutrition therapy
- Activity, exercise, positioning
- Smoking cessation
, - Pharmacotherapy
Complications of Hypertension - correct answer-- Kidneys (Renal insufficiency)
- Brain (Stroke/Hypertensive Encephalopathy)
- Eyes (Hypertensive Retinopathy)
- Heart (Cardiac Hypertrophy)
- Nephrosclerosis
Diastolic Pressure - correct answer-BP during diastole
- ventricles relax
epinephrine and norepinephrine - correct answer-- Constrict most blood vessels, increasing
BP
- Dilate blood vessels in skeletal and cardiac muscle
Factors that impact BP - correct answer-- Drugs
- Caffeine
- Exercise
- Time of Day
- White Coat Syndrome
High Diastolic Pressure - correct answer-High resistance of small arteries
High Systolic Pressure - correct answer-Resistance the heart has to pump against is high
Hormonal Control (RAAS) - correct answer-- Low BP
- Angiotensinogen (hormone from liver)
- Kidneys release: Renin (enzyme that breaks down angiotensinogen)
- Angiotensin I forms
- ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme)
- Angiotensin II forms = vaosconstrictor + causes release of aldosterone
How does alcohol increase BP? - correct answer-- Activates SNS
- Releases angiotensin II = RAAS
- Impairs baroreceptor reflexes
- should have <2 drinks/day
How much sodium should we intake? - correct answer-1500-2000mg per day
How often should you monitor BP in prehypertensive clients? - correct answer-once a year
Hypertension - correct answer-- High blood pressure 140/90 or more
- Due to imbalance between CO/TPR
Infarction (cell death) - correct answer-No Perfusion
Ischemia (cell injury) - correct answer-Impaired perfusion
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