NRSG 327 – Shock Practice Questions and Complete Solutions

What is shock? - A syndrome characterized by decreased tissue perfusion and impaired cellular metabolism that results in an imbalance between the supply and demand for oxygen and nutrients What is a syndrome? - A group of symptoms that occur together What is shock a consequence of? Is shock considered a disease? - Shock is the consequence of insufficient tissue perfusion, resulting in inadequate cellular oxygenation and the accumulation of metabolic waste - Shock is not a disease rather it is a manifestation of a disease What imbalance happens with shock? - oxygen supply (O2) and demand (O2 hgb and CO) What is the end result of shock imbalance? - regardless of the type of shock or what caused it - the end result is inadequate tissue perfusion due to decreased CO What does imbalance of cardiac output include? - contractility (the pump) - afterload (the pipes) - preload (the volume/hgb) What are the preload classifications of shock and CO? - preload: hypovolemic deals with the loss of volume from intravascular fluid volume as well as blood loss What is the pump classification of shock? - the pump: cardiogenic shock deals with ineffective pumping of the heart and insufficient perfusion and delivery of oxygen to cells What is the pipes classification of shock? - distributive shock - ineffective distribution of blood volume in the vessels because of vessel dilation and inadequate delivery of oxygen What is CO = to? = HR x stroke volume - stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected from the heart with each contraction - the body can increase CO by increasing either HR or SV - HR regulated by SNSS and PNS (vagus nerve) What is normal CO? = 5000mL/min