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Samenvatting Stelselmatige Weefselleer H2: Integument
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Samenvatting gebaseerd op slides van professor Vral met bijhorende notities van in de les, alles wat je voor de theorie moet kennen van dit onderdeel.
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Samenvatting H2: IntegumentInhoud
1. Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................2
2. Epidermis............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Verschillende lagen.......................................................................................................................3
2.1.1 Stratum Corneum..................................................................................................................3
2.1.2 Stratum lucidum....................................................................................................................3
2.1.3 Stratum granulosum..............................................................................................................3
2.1.4 Stratum Spinosum.................................................................................................................3
2.1.5 Stratum Basale.......................................................................................................................3
2.2 Cellen van de epidermis................................................................................................................4
2.2.1 Keratinocyten.........................................................................................................................4
2.2.2 Melanocyten..........................................................................................................................4
2.2.3 Merkelcellen..........................................................................................................................5
2.2.4 Langerhanscellen...................................................................................................................5
3. Dermis................................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Pars papillaris................................................................................................................................5
3.2 Pars reticularis..............................................................................................................................6
4. Hypodermis........................................................................................................................................6
5. Aanhangsels........................................................................................................................................6
5.1 Haren............................................................................................................................................6
5.2 Nagels...........................................................................................................................................7
5.3 Talgklieren.....................................................................................................................................7
5.4 Zweetklieren.................................................................................................................................8
5.4.1 Merocriene/eccriene zweetklieren........................................................................................8
5.4.2 Apo- of pseudoapocriene zweetklieren.................................................................................8
6. Bloedvoorziening en lymfevaten van de huid.....................................................................................9
1
, 1. Inleiding
- Grootste orgaan van het lichaam
- De huid
o Epidermis: opperhuid= epitheel meerlagig verhoornd plaveiselepitheel
Dikke huid (400-1400 µm)
Voet & handzolen
Alleen epitheel (hoornlaag) is anders dan bij dunne huid (75-150 µm)
o Dermis: lederhuid = bindweefsellaag
o Dikte van epidermis + dermis kan variëren tussen 1,5 mm (schedelhuid) en 4 mm
(rughuid)
o Hypodermis/subcutis
laag met vooral wit vetweefsel in bindweefsel
Vormt overgang naar volgende laag bv spierweefsel
- De aanhangsels
o Haren
o Nagels
o Talgklieren
o Zweetklieren: temperatuurregeling
o Borstklier
- Functie
o Bescherming tegen beschadiging + infectie dankzij beperkte permeabiliteit
o Reguleren van lichaamstemperatuur
o Beschermen tegen UV straling: UV opname is nodig voor aanmaak van vitamine D3
maar kan huidtumoren vormen
o Permeabiliteitsbarrière tegen overmatig verlies/opname van water
Waterafstotende hoornlaag: ionen en waterhuishouding worden goed
gecontroleerd
Hoornlaag= dode laag= 1ste verdediging tegen bacteriën en virussen
virussen hebben gastheer nodig om te kunnen overleven
Opening in dermis (=wonde) pathogenen kunnen naar binnen treden
o Receptor van pijn + druk + temperatuur
2. Epidermis
- Meerlagig verhoornd plaveiselepitheel
- Continue regeneratie: turnover duurt ongeveer 30 dagen
- Hoornplooien in dikke huid
o Groeven (=furrows) + verhevenheden (= kammen/epidermal ridges)
o Individuele vingerafdrukken: dermatoglyfen
o Patroon is bij elk individu verschillend
o Komt doordat 2 lagen via plooien in elkaar verankerd zijn en er veel druk op wordt
uitgeoefend
o Is minder in elkaar dermis geweven bij dunne huid
- Bij dunne huid zijn de verschillende lagen minder goed van elkaar te onderscheiden
2
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