1.1 Multiple functies van de nieren
- Vorming van urine: verwijderen van afvalstoffen die ontstaan tijdens stofwisseling van
lichaam
o Filtratie
o Resorptie
o Secretie
o 125 ml/min (filtratie) 1 ml/min (secretie) => er wordt veel geresorbeerd
- Regelen van hoeveelheid water + elektrolyten in lichaam= behoud van H2O
o Dehydratatie: geconcentreerde urine
- Regelen van zuur-base balans
- Endocriene klier
o Controleren bloedsamenstelling + bloedvolume + bloeddruk
Productie van renini
o Nieuwvorming van rode bloedcellen
Productie van erythropoietine: indien er zuurstoftekort is in bloed gaat
hormoon naar beenmerg voor stimulatie aanmaak nieuwe rode
bloedlichaampjes
- Omzetten pro-Vitamine D in actieve vorm
o Gebeurd ook in lever
- Gluconeogenese bij vasten
o Nieuw vorming van glucose
o Vooral ter hoogte van lever
2. Nieren
2.1 Algemene bouw
2.1.1 Nierkapsel
- Omgeven door perirenaal wit vet
- 2 bijnieren
o Gelegen boven nier
o Endocriene klieren
o Bruin vet
- Dens bindweefselkapsel: bescherming
2
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