COMD 4500 Exam 1 Week 1 & 2 Practice Questions and Answers
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Course
COMD 4500
Institution
COMD 4500
acquired -occurs later in life -exposure, event, or injury-identified source of problem -problems that affect an "intact" communication or swallowing system
communication chain cognitive processing, linguistic processing, motor speech programming, neuromotor execution
cognitive processing -genera...
COMD 4500 Exam 1 Week 1 & 2 Practice Questions an d Answers acquired ✅-occurs later in life -exposure, event, or injury -identified source of problem -problems that affect an "intact" communication or swallowing system communication chain ✅cognitive processing, linguistic processing, motor speech programming, neuromotor execution cognitive processing ✅-generate intent to communication -deciding what you want to say -thinking about the effect it will have on the listener linguistic processing ✅-using knowledge of meanings of words, grammar, rules of language to put together an utterance -generate verbal symbols -symbols organized according to the rules of language -getting sentence in the right order and using right words motor speech programming ✅-translate verbal symbols into a motor plan, a sensorimotor score -select which muscles need to be activated -what articulators move and how they move in order to produce speech -brain creates plan on how muscles will move -muscles aren't actually moving yet neuromotor execution ✅-central and peripheral nervous system involved -executing the motor speech plan by innervation speech mechanism -SPEECH speech mechanism/speech subsystems: 5 ✅respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation, prosody respiration ✅breathing phonation ✅creation of sound resonance ✅quality of sound articulation ✅how you create sounds prosody ✅the patterns of stress and intonation in a language voice ✅-sound produced by vibration of vocal folds (phonation) -voice disorders commonly exist without deficits in cognition, language or speech -however these disorders may co -occur in some instances ___________ involved in speech and voice are involved in the swallow process ✅similar anatomy swallow disorders may occur ______ of other communication disorders, but may co -
occur depending on _________ ✅independent, underlying etiology common etiologies of acquired communication disorders ✅cerebrovascular accident (CVA, stroke), traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain tumors, surgical trauma, infection, seizures, degenerative neurological diseases stroke/CVA ✅-knowns as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or brain attack -5th leading cause of death in US brain tissue is permanently destroyed or temporarily does not function due to ________ ✅decreased blood supply (ischemic stroke) or hemorrhage Traumatic brain injury ✅-result of an external and forceful event -closed head nothing goes through the skull -penetrating something goes through the skull and impacts the brain common causes of TBI ✅Falls, motor vehicle accidents (MVA), violent assault, being struck by an object brain tumor ✅neoplasm - abnormal growth of cells in brain -pressure on brain can compress/compromise blood flow and neuronal function primary tumor ✅brain tumor that originates in the brain secondary tumor ✅cancerous tumor that spread from another part of the body to the brain surgical trauma ✅-damage to brain tissue that may occur during surgery to the brain. -may result in acquired speech, language, cognitive, and swallowing deficits -may also cause secondary seizures, additional CVAs, infections, and increased intracranial pressure infection ✅-may be viral, fungal, bacterial, parasitic -can impact cognition, language, and motor abilities -encephalitis, meningitis
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