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TEST BANK FOR TIETZ FUNDAMENTALS OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 7TH EDITION BY CARL A. BURTIS | BEST
Test bank for tietz fundamentals of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics 7th edition by carl a burtis
Test bank for tietz fundamentals of clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics 7th edition by carl a burtis
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Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and
Molecular Diagnostics, 7e Burtis Test Bank A+ 2024
Chapter 01: Clinical Chemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, and Laboratory
MedicineTest Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICES
1. An individual working in a clinical chemistry laboratory is married to a sales
representative who works for a company that sells chemistry laboratory supplies. When the
laboratory manager requests a list of needed supplies, cost of supplies, and vendors, this
individual only recommends the spouse’s company as the vendor. This is considered to be a(n):
a. accounting issue.
b. possible conflict of interest.
c. maintenance of confidentiality issue.
d. problem with resource allocation.
ANS: B
Concern has been raised over the interrelationships between practitioners in the medical field and
commercial suppliers of drugs, devices, equipment, etc., to the medical profession.
Similarly, relationships have been scrutinized between clinical laboratorians and manufacturers
and providers of diagnostic equipment and supplies. These concerns led the National Institutes of
Health (NIH) in 1995 to require official institutional review of financial disclosure by
researchers and management of situations in which disclosure indicates potential conflicts of
interest.
DIF: 1 REF: Page 4-5 OBJ: 6 | 7
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2. A patient visits her physician stating that her prescribed painkiller is not working to
reduce the pain following her recent surgery. A friend of the patient claims that the same
painkiller “worked wonders” to reduce her pain after the same surgery. The physician states that
the difference in the effect of the drug might be caused by , which is studied in
pharmacogenetics.
a. epidemiology
b. an inherited disease
c. a conflict of interest
d. a genetic variation in drug-metabolizing enzymes
ANS: D
Pharmacogenetics is the study of the genetic variation of drug metabolism between individuals.
DIF: 1 REF: Page 3 OBJ: 1
3. John works in a molecular diagnostics laboratory and receives a blood sample that has the
name of a close friend printed on the bar-coded label. The genetic test that is ordered on the
friend’s sample would provide diagnostic information about a disorder that has a poor prognosis,
and the test is usually performed by John. He asks a fellow employee to analyze the sample for
him and not divulge the results. This ethical issue concerns:
a. confidentiality of patient genetic and medical information.
b. a conflict of interest.
c. resource allocation.
d. diagnostic accuracy.
ANS: A
Clinical laboratorians have long been responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of all
laboratory results, a situation made even more critical with the advent of increasingly powerful
genetic testing.
DIF: 1 REF: Page 4 OBJ: 6 | 7
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4. Molecular diagnostic testing methods and results can be:
a. qualitative only.
b. quantitative only.
c. either qualitative or quantitative.
ANS: C
Molecular diagnostic methods can be either qualitative or quantitative in nature, depending on
the clinical need.
DIF: 1 REF: Page 3 OBJ: 5
5. Clinical epidemiology, which is the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of health
and disease in certain populations, has provided the clinical laboratory with methods that
evaluate the effects and outcomes of laboratory testing. This allows for a more effective:
a. process of determining the cost of the testing methods.
b. selection and interpretation of laboratory tests.
c. determination of the boundaries between the components of the clinical lab.
d. conduct assessment.
ANS: A
Clinical epidemiologists have introduced methods to evaluate the effects and value of laboratory
testing in healthcare. These developments are expected to play an increasing role in the selection
and interpretation of laboratory tests.
DIF: 1 REF: Page 3 OBJ: 4
6. Analysis of which one of the following by molecular diagnostic methods provides a
measure of processes that are ongoing at the time of blood sampling?
a. Genetic variation in an individual’s response to a drug
b. Circulating plasma nucleic acids
c. Malignant lymphomas
d. Histocompatibility
ANS: B
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Molecular diagnostics, given its very high sensitivity, has been applied to the study of plasma
nucleic acids (or circulating nucleic acids). Plasma nucleic acids analysis has been made possible
by the discovery that dying cells in the body release their DNA and RNA into the extracellular
compartment and ultimately into the bloodstream, where they can be detected and analyzed.
Given their short half-life in circulation (less than 24 hours), plasma nucleic acids provide a
measure of processes that are ongoing at the time of blood sampling.
DIF: 1 REF: Page 3 OBJ: 5
7. A healthy individual with no clinical signs or symptoms of disease visits his physician for
a routine physical examination. Blood samples are collected and sent to the laboratory. The tests
requested on the sample are for general laboratory analyses, including a complete blood count, a
panel of general chemistry tests (including glucose, protein, cholesterol, and others), and an
analysis of urine. This type of testing in laboratory medicine is directed at:
a. confirming a clinical suspicion of disease.
b. selecting a treatment for disease.
c. ruling in a diagnosis.
d. screening for disease in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms.
ANS: D
Testing in laboratory medicine may be directed at (1) confirming a clinical suspicion; (2)
making, or ruling in, a diagnosis; (3) excluding, or ruling out, a diagnosis;, (4) assisting in the
selection, optimization, and monitoring of treatment; (5) providing a prognosis; (6) screening for
disease in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms; or (7) establishing and monitoring the
severity of a physiologic disturbance. The field of laboratory medicine includes clinical
chemistry and areas such as microbiology and hematology. The general tests ordered on this
healthy individual are done to screen the physiologic systems despite the absence of any
symptoms.
DIF: 2 REF: Page 2 OBJ: 2
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