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Occ Health_ Noise and Hearing Loss 1 (1)
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Occ Health_ Noise and Hearing Loss 1 (1)
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Occ Health: Noise and Hearing Loss 1CAOHC - ANS-Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing Conservation
HPD - ANS-hearing protective devices
Background noise - ANS-permissible noise in audiometric test chamber during testing
Audiometry - ANS-hearing test used to measure the range and sensitivity of a person's hearing
STS - ANS-Standard Threshold Shift
This is the change in hearing threshold relative to the baseline audiogram for that employee,
and is an average of a 10 dB or more reduction in hearing for one or both ears
Presbycusis - ANS-hearing loss that occurs through aging
ajdustments for hearing levels for anticipated effects of age
allowed by OSHA and MSHA, not allowed by NIOSH
warning signs and postings for noise - ANS-Required by OSHA and NIOSH, not required by
MSHA
CAOHC Record retention regulations - ANS-specificaiton on retention of data and transfer
requirements if employer goes out of business
OSHA, NIOSH, and MSHA all require noise surveys and record transfer if employer goes out of
business or if employee transfers mines
Action Level - ANS-the TWA exposure that requires program inclusion, hearing tests, training
and options HPDs
Exchange Rate - ANS-The rate that exposure accumulates
the change in dB TWA for halving/doubling of allowable exposure time
Ceiling Level - ANS-the limiting sound level above which employees cannot be exposed
Impulse Note - ANS-Noise with sharp rise and rapid decay in level
must be < 1 second in duration but if repeated occurs at intervals > 1 sec
, Monitoring - ANS-Assessment of noise exposure
Noise Control - ANS-investigation and implementation of feasible engineering and admin control
measures
The mechanism of hearing is divided into: - ANS-1. Mechanical conduction of sound (external
ear, tympanic membrane, ossicular chain)
2. Introduction of mechanical energy to electrical impulses (sensory system of the cochlea)
3. Conduction of electrical impulses to the brain (neural pathways)
external ear --> tympanic membrane --> ossicles --> through fluid --> cochlea --> neural
impulses
The mechanical conduction of sound, which includes the external ear, tympanic membrane and
ossicles, is altered and transformed by the middle ear. It is accomplished by: - ANS-Lever action
of the ossicles
Hydraulic action of the tympanic membrane
curved membrane effect
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss - ANS-Develops gradually from damage or loss of sensory hair
cells in the cochlea
What are the presumed mechanisms of hair cell damage? - ANS-metabolic exhaustion
mechanical injury
repeated metabolic stress (results inloss of hair cells)
Hair Cell Loss: hair cell response and Hz range - ANS-The sensory hair cells that respond to
high pitch sounds are near the basal turn and are more susceptible to noise-induced hearing
loss
What is the speech frequencies in Hz - ANS-1,000-3,000 Hz
Early stages of noise induced hearing loss are characterized by loss of hearing in what
frequency zone? - ANS-the higher frequencies, 4,000-6,000 Hz
Besides noise, what can cause noise-induced hearing loss? - ANS-workplace chemicals
increased sound levels in recreational, community and home environment
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