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Pearson Biology Midterm Review Questions and Answers
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Pearson Biology Midterm Review Questions and Answers
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Pearson Biology Midterm ReviewAbiotic factors - any nonliving part of the environment (ex. sunlight, heat, precipitation,
wind)
Acid - any compound that forms H+ ions in a solution; have pH values below 7
Activation energy - the energy needed to get a reaction started; the difference of energy
between the reactants and peak of energy
Active site - site on the enzyme that substrates bind to; active site and substrates have
complementary shapes like a lock and key
Adhesion - an attraction between molecules of different substances
Atom - basic unit of matter; made up of three subatomic particles
Atomic mass - the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Autotrophs - use solar or chemical energy to produce food by assembling inorganic
compounds into complex organic molecules; feed themselves and store energy in forms
for other organisms to eat them
Base - any compound that produces OH- (hydroxide) ions in a solution; have pH values
above 7
, Biome - a group of ecosystems that share similar organisms and typical climates
Biosphere - consists of all life on Earth, with all its organisms and physical environments
Biotic factors - any living part of the environment with which an organism may react (ex.
plants animals)
Buffers - weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp,
sudden changes in pH
Carbohydrates - compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio;
main energy source or living things
Catalyst - a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering
reaction's activation energy
Chemical reaction - a process that transforms one set of chemicals to another; mass and
energy are conserved
Chemosynthesis - chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates
Climate - the year-after-year patterns of temperature and precipitation; microclimates are
environmental conditions that vary over small distances
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