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Pathophysiology Test 2 Chapter 9 Alterations of Immunity and Inflammation LATEST EDITION 2024 RATED GRADE A+ $10.99   Add to cart

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Pathophysiology Test 2 Chapter 9 Alterations of Immunity and Inflammation LATEST EDITION 2024 RATED GRADE A+

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1. Define/differentiate between: A. Allergic Give specific examples of all three and be prepared to defend your answer. Allergy: Definition: Deleterious effects of hypersensitivity to environmental antigens. 1. Define/differentiate between: B. Autoimmunity Give specific examples of all th...

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  • July 22, 2024
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  • autoimmunity
  • Pathophysiology Tst 2 Chapter 9 Alterations of Im
  • Pathophysiology Tst 2 Chapter 9 Alterations of Im
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Allan100
PathophysiologyTest2Chapter9
AlterationsofImmunityand
InflammationLATESTEDITION2024
RATEDGRADEA+
1.Define/differentiatebetween:
A.Allergic
Givespecificexamplesofallthreeandbepreparedtodefendyour
answer.
Allergy:Definition:Deleteriouseffectsofhypersensitivityto
environmentalantigens.
1.Define/differentiatebetween:
B.Autoimmunity
Givespecificexamplesofallthreeandbepreparedtodefendyour
answer.
Autoimmunity:Definition:Disturbanceintheimmunologicaltolerance
ofselfantigenstothe
pointthatthehostowntissuearedamagedPointoutsomewell
knowndiseases.
1.Define/differentiatebetween:
C.Alloimmunity
Givespecificexamplesofallthreeandbepreparedtodefendyour
answer.
Alloimmunity:Definition:Anindividualproducesanimmunological
reactionagainstthe
tissuesofanotherperson.(Motheragainstfetusortransplant
rejection)
2.Define/differentiate:TypeIhypersensitivityreactionsSeeTables
9-1&9-3
TypeIIhypersensitivityreactions
TypeIIIhypersensitivityreactions
TypeVIhypersensitivityreactions
HypersensitivityreactionsMechanism:Fourdistincttypes:
1.TypeIIgEmediatedthroughmastcells.
2.TypeIITissuespecificreactions,IgG,IgM
(Seetable9-1)
3.TypeIIIImmunecomplexreactions.IgG (Seetable9-3)
4.TypeIVTissuespecific,cellmediatedreactionsTc
3.Describeobjective2intermsofantibodies,targettissues,and
cellularcomponentsinvolvedintheimmuneresponseandbeprepared
togiveexamplesofeachtypeofhypersensitivityreaction.
HypersensitivityreactionsMechanism:Fourdistincttypes:
1.TypeIIgEmediatedthroughmastcells.
2.TypeIITissuespecificreactions,IgG,IgM
(Seetable9-1)
3.TypeIIIImmunecomplexreactions.IgG
(Seetable9-3)
4.TypeIVTissuespecific,cellmediatedreactionsTc
4.DescribetheroleofMastcellsinthetypeIhypersensitivity
response.Identifythelocationswherethemajorityofmastcells
reside.DiscusstheroleofHistamine,Leukotrienes,and
ProstaglandinEintypeIhypersensitivityreactions
TypeI-IgEmediated:(Seetables9-1&9-3)(Seefig9-1)pages263-
266
1.Involvesenvironmentalantigens—calledAllergens
2.Repeatedexposuretohighlevelsoftheantigen.
3.TriggerstheproductionofIgEantibodiesratherthanIgGorIgM
4.FcportionoftheIgEbindstoMastcells
5.AntigenbindstoFabportionoftwoadjacentIgEantibodies
attachedtoMast
cells
(Seefig9.1page267)
6.RepeatedallergenexposuretriggersmassiveMastcell
degranulation
7.HistaminebindstoH1andH2receptorsontargetcells.
5.Whatistheroleofthetwodifferenttypesofhistaminereceptors.
H1andH2.
Effects:H1receptoractivation:(Seefig8-1Bpage261)
A.Contractionofbronchialsmoothmuscle
B.Increasedcapillarypermeability-----Edema
C.Vasodilation,exacerbatingedemainthroatandLungs.
D.Chemotaxisforeosinophils,thendeactivatesdiapedesis,sothey
can'tleavetheinflammatorysite.
H2receptoractivation:
A.Increasegastricsecretion
B.Decreasedmastcellandbasophilreleaseofhistamine.
C.Negativefeedbackloopcontrol
6.Discussbrieflythevalueofallergytestingandtheuseofthe
flarewheelindiagnosingallergies.

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