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AP Psychology Cumulative Exam 2024 (These Study Guide set follow along with MYERS' PSYCHOLOGY FOR AP, 2nd Edition, textbook by David G. Myers. This is Unit 14 (Modules 74-80) and is "Social Psychology.") 385 Qs & Ans. $24.99
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AP Psychology Cumulative Exam 2024 (These Study Guide set follow along with MYERS' PSYCHOLOGY FOR AP, 2nd Edition, textbook by David G. Myers. This is Unit 14 (Modules 74-80) and is "Social Psychology.") 385 Qs & Ans.

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AP Psychology Cumulative Exam 2024 (These Study Guide set follow along with MYERS' PSYCHOLOGY FOR AP, 2nd Edition, textbook by David G. Myers. This is Unit 14 (Modules 74-80) and is "Social Psychology.") 385 Qs & Ans. Terms like: the theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting eith...

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  • July 23, 2024
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AP Psychology Cumulative Exam 2024 (These
Study Guide set follow along with MYERS'
PSYCHOLOGY FOR AP, 2nd Edition, textbook by
David G. Myers. This is Unit 14 (Modules 74-
80) and is "Social Psychology.") 385 Qs & Ans.

the theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's
disposition. - Answer: attribution theory

the tendency for observers, when analyzing others' behavior, to underestimate the impact of
the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition. - Answer: fundamental
attribution error

the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts
(cognitions) are inconsistent. For example, when we become aware that our attitudes and our
actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes. - Answer:
cognitive dissonance theory




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,an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members. Prejudice
generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory
action. - Answer: prejudice

a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people. -
Answer: stereotype

(2) in social psychology, unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members. -
Answer: discrimination

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy. - Answer: aggression

the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined. -
Answer: companionate love

unselfish regard for the welfare of others. - Answer: altruism

the process of sensory receptors and nervous system receiving and representing stimulus
energies from the environment - Answer: Sensation

the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information so we can recognize meaningful
objects and events - Answer: perception

analysis starting with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory
information - Answer: bottom-up processing

information processing guided by higher-level mental processes as we construct perceptions
drawing on our experiences and expectations - Answer: top-down processing

the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus - Answer: selective attention

failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere - Answer: inattentional
blindness

failing to notice change in the environment - Answer: change blindness




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,conversion of one form of energy into another. In the sensation, the transforming of stimulus
energies,such as sights, sounds,and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret -
Answer: transduction

the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity,
and our psychological experience of them - Answer: psychophysics

the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time -
Answer: absolute threshold

a theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid
background stimulation (noise). Assumes that there is no single absolute threshold and that the
detection depends partly on a person's experience, motivation, expectations, and alertness. -
Answer: signal detection theory

below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness - Answer: subliminal

the activation, often unconsciously, of a certain associations thus predispoing one's perception,
memory, or response - Answer: priming

the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time. We
experience it as JND (just noticable difference) - Answer: difference threshold

the principle that, to be percieved as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum
percentage (rather than a constant amount) - Answer: Weber's Law

diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation - Answer: sensory adaptation

a mental predisposition to percieve one thing and not another - Answer: perceptual set

the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input; includes telepathy,
clairvoyance, and precognition - Answer: extrasensory perception (ESP)

the study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis - Answer: parapsychology

the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. Vary from the
short blips of cosmic rays to the long pulses of radio transmission. - Answer: Wavelength



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, the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as color
names blue, green, and so on - Answer: Hue

the amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we percieve as brightness or loudness, as
determined by the wave's amplitude - Answer: Intensity

the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters - Answer: pupil

a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls
the size of the pupil opening - Answer: iris

the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the
retina - Answer: lens

the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of
the neurons that begin in the processing of visual information - Answer: retina

the process by which the eye's lens change shape to focus near or far objects on the retina -
Answer: accommodation

retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray, necessary for peripheral and twilight vision,
when cones don't respond - Answer: rods

retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in the
daylight or in well-lit conditions. These detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations -
Answer: cones

the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain - Answer: optic nerve

the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, because no receptor cells are located there -
Answer: blindspot

the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster - Answer: fovea

nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as a shape, angle,
or movement - Answer: feature detectors




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