Exam (elaborations)
Biology 133 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024
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Biology 133 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024
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Biology133
Exam
1
2
functions
of
cytoskeleton
-
ANS-1.
maintains
cell
shape
and
structure
2.
moves
substances
around
cells
3
functions
of
carbohydrates
-
ANS-1.
energy
for
cell
metabolism
2.
structural
support
3.
cell
identity
3
functions
of
enzymes
-
ANS-1.
speed
up
reactions
2.
structural
support
3.
control
gene
expression
3
functions
of
lipids
-
ANS-1.
provide
energy
as
dietary
fats
2.
main
component
of
cell
membranes
3.
hormones
as
chemical
messengers
3
layers
of
gastrula
-
ANS-1.
ectoderm
2.
mesoderm
3.
endoderm
3
stages
of
interphase
-
ANS-1.
growth
and
metabolic
roles
2.
DNA
replication
3.
growth
and
prep
for
mitosis
A
primary
spermatocyte
goes
through
______
to
become
a
secondary
spermatocyte
(1n)
-
ANS-meiosis
I
Acrosome
-
ANS-digestive
enzymes
to
enter
egg
Allele
-
ANS-variant
of
a
gene
Anaphase
-
ANS-chromosomes
separate
Anaphase
1
-
ANS-
Anaphase
II
-
ANS-
Apoptosis
-
ANS-programmed
cell
death
where
a
"death
receptor"
received
signal
for
cell
to
die
and
enzymes
in
the
cell
begin
degrading
cell
components
Are
females
heterogametic
or
homogametic?
-
ANS-homogametic Are
males
heterogametic
or
homogametic?
-
ANS-heterogametic
Autosomal
dominant
-
ANS-dominant
trait
found
on
non-sex
chromosome
Autosomal
recessive
-
ANS-recessive
trait
found
on
non-sex
chromosomes
Barr
Body
-
ANS-the
condensed
chromosome
in
X-Inactivation
Blastomeres
-
ANS-following
the
cleavage
of
an
ovum
and
becomes
a
morula
made
up
of
16
cells
Capacitation
-
ANS-egg
secretes
attractant
Carbohydrates
-
ANS-long
chain
sugar
molecules
Cell
membrane
-
ANS-made
of
phospholipids
and
proteins
that
controls
movement
of
substances
in
and
out
of
the
cell
Chromatids
-
ANS-2
strands
of
replicated
chromosomes
that
are
genetically
identical
to
each
other
Chromosomes
-
ANS-long
strand
of
DNA
and
proteins
that
contains
many
genes
Cleavage
-
ANS-zygote
divides
by
mitosis
Codominance
-
ANS-heterozygote
expresses
both
phenotypes
which
results
in
a
unique
phenotype
(Roan
cows)
Complete
penetrance
-
ANS-any
individual
who
inherits
the
allele
combination
expresses
the
phenotype
Crossing
over
-
ANS-produces
genetic
diversity
Cytokinesis
-
ANS-
Cytoskeleton
and
cancer
-
ANS-dividing
cells
in
cancer
use
cytoskeleton
to
move
chromosomes
apart,
so
if
the
cytoskeleton
is
disrupted,
the
cell
cannot
divide
Dihybrid
cross
-
ANS-genetic
cross
in
which
2
traits
are
tracked
Direct-to-consumer
genetic
tests
-
ANS-genetic
tests
that
are
marketed
directly
to
consumers
via
television,
advertisements,
or
the
Internet,
providing
access
to
a
person's
genetic
information
without
necessarily
involving
a
doctor
or
insurance
company
in
the
process
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