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PCCN EXAM TEST BANK 2024 | ACCURATE REAL EXAM VERSIONS WITH PREDICTOR VERSIONS AND A STUDY GUIDE | EXP ERT VERIFIED FO R GUARANTEED P ASS | LATEST UPDATE What procedure secures an arteriovenous malformation when a pt's condition is too unstable for surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER embolization that can be done to secure the lesion without surgery. When the condition is more stable, an operation might be considered if needed. Knowing that a patient has hypoxemia and ischemia in his brain, the nurse anticipates which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER a. Cerebrovascular dilation The nurse's priority in eye care for the patient in a coma will be: - CORRECT ANSWER c. Keeping the eyes moist to prevent corneal ulceration. The patient has markedly deep, rapid respirations with a fruity breath odor. Based on the patient's history, the nurse will: - CORRECT ANSWER perform a blood glucose measurement. The patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion will need to have the imbalance of which electrolyte corrected as soon as possible? - CORRECT ANSWER Sodium Which of the following conditions occurs when the renal tubules are unable to reabsorb excess glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER Glycosuria The patient has a waist measurement of 52 inches. His triglyceride level is 175 mg/ dl, his high -
density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level is 32 mg/ dl, and his fasting plasma glucose level is 224 mg/ dl. His blood pressure readings are usually approximately 140/90 mm Hg. The nurse recognizes the characteristics of: - CORRECT ANSWER metabolic syndrome. To reverse the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, the nurse will first prepare to administer: - CORRECT ANSWER fluids The nurse is caring for a patient with central diabetes insipidus (DI). The nurse should anticipate orders for the administration of: - CORRECT ANSWER vasopressin In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the physiological effect is: - CORRECT ANSWER dilutional hyponatremia, reducing sodium concentration to critically low levels . Which assessment findings would indicate fluid volume excess? - CORRECT ANSWER edema, auscultation of a third heart sound, crackles in lungs, bounding pulses, AMS, olguria, HTN The report of a renal patient's laboratory results shows that the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is less than 25 mg/ dl. To fully understand the patient's renal status, the nurse must consider this value along with: - CORRECT ANSWER c. Creatinine level. To determine whether edema in a patient's hands is due to circulatory compromise or another cause, the nurse might: - CORRECT ANSWER elevate the patient's extremities for 1 hour and observe the degree of edema still present. Hypovolemia causes tachycardia and : - CORRECT ANSWER hypotension. To avoid the complications that can result from administering furosemide (Lasix) to stimulate urinary output, the nurse will carefully monitor: - CORRECT ANSWER levels of electrolytes, especially potassium. Which dialysis method would be most appropriate for the hemodynamically stable patient in the anuric phase of acute kidney injury (AKI)? - CORRECT ANSWER Intermittent hemodialysis What are complications of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)? - CORRECT ANSWER Air embolism, decreased inflow pressure, electrolyte imbalance Which electrolytes pose the most potential hazard if not within normal limits for the person with acute kidney failure? - CORRECT ANSWER Potassium and calcium Peaked T-waves and a widening of the QRS interval in a pt with AKI are indicative of: - CORRECT ANSWER d. Hyperkalemia . A patient presents with the following: HR, 120 beats/min; BP, 80/44 mm Hg; urine output averaging 20 ml/hr over the last 4 hours; afebrile; moist rales in the lungs bilaterally; BUN, 84 mg/dl; creatinine, 3.4 mg/ dl. What is the probable cause of this patient's acute kidney injury (AKI)? - CORRECT ANSWER Left ventricular failure causing prerenal AKI An elderly patient is in a motor vehicle accident and incurs a significant internal hemorrhage. He is at greatest risk for which category of acute kidney injury (AKI)? - CORRECT ANSWER Prerenal A patient is admitted to the unit with the following laboratory values: urine specific gravity, 1.010; urine osmolality, 210 mosm /kg; BUN/Cr ratio 10:1; urine sodium, 96 meq/L. The urine output has been 60 ml since admission 2 hours ago. These values are most consistent with which of the following types of acute kidney injury (AKI)? - CORRECT ANSWER Intrarenal Percussing the patient's stomach produces a tympanic sound is a sign that: - CORRECT ANSWER the patient's stomach is empty. The nurse is unable to hear bowel sounds in any of the four quadrants of the patient's abdomen. This may indicate the presence of: - CORRECT ANSWER ban ileus. Auscultation of the abdomen reveals a bruit over the left renal artery. This is an indication of: - CORRECT ANSWER renal hypertension. The nurse observes that striae on the patient's abdomen are pink and purple. This may be a sign of: - CORRECT ANSWER Cushing's syndrome. During auscultation of the patient's abdomen, the nurse hears frequent high -pitched, tinkling sounds. This is probably evidence of: - CORRECT ANSWER normal bowel sounds. The nurse has been unable to hear any bowel sounds during examination of the patient's abdomen. The minimum interval for listening before concluding that bowel sounds are absent is ____ minute(s). - CORRECT ANSWER 5 During palpation of the patient's abdomen, rebound tenderness indicates: - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the peritoneum, such as with appenticitis and Chrohn's dz Elevated alkaline phosphatase level and increasing nausea and abdominal pain indicate: - CORRECT ANSWER gallbladder disease. The patient's serum transferrin level is higher than 300 mcg/ dl. The nurse will review other laboratory results to evaluate for the possible presence of: - CORRECT ANSWER iron deficiency anemia. The patient's alpha fetoprotein level is 200 ng/ ml. This can indicate the presence of ____ cancer. - CORRECT ANSWER liver Knowing that the patient has advanced liver disease, the nurse expects his partial thromboplastin time (PTT) to be in the range of ____ seconds. - CORRECT ANSWER 50 to 75 The patient has advanced cirrhosis. Her serum albumin level is anticipated to be: - CORRECT ANSWER decreased. A vasopressin drip for a patient with bleeding esophagogastric varices would be contraindicated if the patient has a history of: - CORRECT ANSWER coronary artery disease What type of formula would be most appropriate for a patient with acute pancreatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER Low fat A person with a body mass index (BMI) of 32 would be considered: - CORRECT ANSWER obese
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