Test Bank for Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition by Donald Voet

1 Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6e (Voet) Chapter 1 Introduction to the Chemistry of Life Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. A) phylogenetic B) negative C) O D) ΔH° E) H - TS F) halobacteria G) open H) entropy I) flux J) polymers K) ΔG° L) thermophiles M) nitrogen N) positive 1) The most abundant molecule in the human body is ________. Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules Section Reference: 1.1 The Origin of Life 2) During chemical evolution, small organic molecules condense to form more complex molecules called ________. Answer: J Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules Section Reference: 1.1 The Origin of Life 3) Evolutionary relationships can be visualized using a ________ tree. Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the structure and function of cells Section Reference: 1.2 Cellular Architecture Test Bank for Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition by Donald Voet All Chapters Included✅ 2 4) The organisms most likely to be found in a brine environment would be ________. Answer: F Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the structure and function of cells Section Reference: 1.2 Cellular Architecture 5) The organisms most likely to be found in high temperature environments would be ________. Answer: L Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the structure and function of cells Section Reference: 1.2 Cellular Architecture 6) The term used to indicate the degree of randomness within a system is ________. Answer: H Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics Section Reference: 1.3 Thermodynamics 7) Spontaneous processes are characterized by a change in Gibbs free energy that is ________. Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics Section Reference: 1.3 Thermodynamics 8) Gibbs free energy is defined as G = ________. Answer: E Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics Section Reference: 1.3 Thermodynamics 9) The symbol for free energy under standard biochemical conditions is ________. Answer: K Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics Section Reference: 1.3 Thermodynamics 3 10) Living creatures can be described thermodynamically as ________ systems. Answer: G Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics Section Reference: 1.3 Thermodynamics 11) What are the four most abundant elements in a human body? A) C, N, O, H B) C, N, O, P C) C, S, O, H D) C, Na, O, H Answer: A Diff: 2 Bloom's: Analyze Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules Section Reference: 1.1 The Origin of Life 12) The atmosphere of prebiotic earth probably contained the following molecules: A) O, , , , and . B) O, , , , and . C) O, , , , and . D) O, , , , and . Answer: A Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules Section Reference: 1.1 The Origin of Life 13) In 1953, Urey and Miller carried out an experiment in which they subjected a mixture of O, , , and to electrical discharges. Which of the following were among the products? A) proteins B) amino acids C) nucleic acids D) ribosomes Answer: B Diff: 1 Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules Section Reference: 1.1 The Origin of Life 4 14) Which of the following statements about hydrothermal vents is TRUE? A) The vents have temperatures as high as 1000°C and emit S and metal sulfides. B) The vents have temperatures as high as 800°C and emit S and metal sulfides. C) The vents have temperatures as high as 600°C and emit S and metal nitrates. D) The vents have temperatures as high as 400°C and emit S and metal sulfides. Answer: D Diff: 2 Bloom's: Apply Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules Section Reference: 1.1 The Origin of Life For the following question(s), consider the structure of the coenzyme NADP.