NOTCE TEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

NOTCE TEST QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS assertiveness training Techniques that train people how to be appropriately assertive in social situations; often included as part of health behavior modification programs, on the assumption that some poor health habits, such as excessive alcohol consumption or smoking, develop in part to control difficulties in being appropriately assertive. universal design door width of 36'' or 92cm, thresholds of 13mm (0.5'') max slope of 1:2, ramps no steeper than 1:12 and 43'' wide validity does the test measure what it is supposed to measure face validity the extent to which a test item appears to fit the particular trait it is measuring criterion validity Compares the assessment tool to another one with already established validity (gold standard) construct validity the degree to which a test measures what it claims, or purports, to be measuring and doesn't measure other things reliability the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting systematic reviews best type of research evidence population, intervention 1, comparison, outcome, time what does PICO stand for internal validity can i believe the results from the study (believability) external validity can the results of the study be generalized independent variable The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied. dependent variable The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable. cross-sectional study used to measure prevalance cross section study one time measurement, observational (don't change exposure), looks for association, ex. how many people in Halifax have ADHD case-control study used to measure risk factors or cause case-control study always retrospective, start with people with outcome and without then trace back to investigate exposure, uses odds ratio cohort study design for measuring incidence, cause or prognosis cohort study can be prospective or retrospective, population-based, uses risk-ratio static group a preexperimental design in which there are two groups: the experimental group (EG), which is exposed to the treatment, and the control group (CG). Measurements on both groups are made only after the treatment, and test units are not assigned at random. one shot case study a single group of subjects is measured on a dependent variable following an experimental stimulus randomized controlled trial study design for measuring effectiveness of an intervention p value The probability of results of the experiment being attributed to chance. (tells you if the results are statistically significant) type 1 error Rejecting null hypothesis when it is true, no difference between the groups but you find one type 2 error false negative, difference between the groups is there but you don't find it systematic review has clear research question, does critical appraisal, used to determine best practice or relationships, identify research gaps, summarize results of something meta-analysis a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies convergent design a mixed methods research design that collects and analyzes the quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously, then integrates the results together exploratory sequential design In mixed-methods research, a design in which the qualitative method is implemented first and the quantitative method next. explanatory sequential design In mixed-methods research, a design in which the quantitative method is implemented first and the qualitative method next. interactive what is the best way to complete knowledge translation regression type of analysis used to predict levels of another variable (used to identify risk factors of a condition) t-test Compares mean values of a continuous variable between 2 categories/groups. Mann-Whitney U test Determines whether two uncorrelated means differ significantly when data are nonparametric anova Compares mean values of a contributes variable for multiple categories/groups (3 or more) Kruskal-Wallis test The non-parametric equivalent to the one-way ANOVA. Chi-square test A statistical method of testing for an association between two categorical variables. Specifically, it tests for the equality of two frequencies or proportions. inductive reasoning specific to general deductive reasoning general to specific crutches or wheelchair if you are non weight bearing what mobility device should you use walker or crutches if you are touch down weight bearing or partial weight bearing cane if you are 50% weight bearing what mobility device should you use broca aphasia (expressive) consists of poor articulation and sparse vocabulary (type of aphasia) Wernicke's aphasia inability to comprehend speech (type of aphasia) (lots of talking, doesn't make sense) left sided stroke LANGUAGE aphasia agnosia (unfamiliar objects) agraphia alexia (reading issues) right hemiplegia/hemiparesis hemianopsia (visual field) SLOW CAUTIOUS behavior ANGER/DEPRESSION right sided stroke affects left side, unilateral neglect, safety impulses, uninhibited & have perceptual deficits conditional reasoning understanding of the client's disabilities in specific life contexts interactive reasoning emphasizes OTs understanding of client's feelings about themselves and their interventions procedural reasoning consideration and use of intervention routines for identified conditions (maximizing function is the goal) Sublimation channeling unacceptable sexual or aggressive drives into socially acceptable and culturally enhancing activities wilson's disease a genetic disorder of copper metabolism that creates a copper toxicity and results in neurologic symptoms such as tremors, impaired speech, inappropriate behaviors, and personality changes 37 weeks preterm birth lateral epicondylitis Inflammation of the muscle attachment to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow. Often caused by strongly gripping. Commonly called tennis elbow. carpal tunnel syndrome compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist suck swallow reflex Onset age: 28 wks gestation Integration age: 2-5 months Stimulus: Place examiner's index finger inside infant's mouth with head in midline. Response: Strong, rhythmical sucking. Relevance: Allows ingestion of nourishment. rooting reflex a baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to turn toward the touch, open the mouth, and search for the nipple (tongue thrust) moro reflex Reflex in which a newborn strectches out the arms and legs and cries in response to a loud noise or an abrupt change in the environment plantar grasp Touch sole of foot, toes curl downwards palmar grasp An infant reflex that occurs when something is placed in the infant's palm; the infant grasps the object. Tonic Labryinthine Reflex (TLR) birth-6 months Stimulus: depends on head position Response: Head Extends= UE/LE extension Head Flexes= UE/LE flexion Integration: head movement without extremities responding Not: can't roll, developmental delay Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) with head turned to one side, arm and leg on face side are extended and arm and leg on scalp side are flexed. this reflex could interfere with an infant's ability to roll from prone to supine. Landau reflex Onset age: 3-4 months Integration age: 12-24 months Stimulus: Hold infant in horizontal prone suspension. Response: Complete extension of head, trunk, and extremities. Relevance: Breaks up flexor dominance; facilitates prone extension. Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) Stimulus: flexion or extension of the head Response: head flexion: flexion of the arms and extension of the legs Head extension: extension of the arms and flexion of the legs ***can strongly influence the ability to assume a quadruped position and the ability to crawl Ahedonia inability to experience pleasure (common in depression) Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (COTE Scale) rating scale for adult mental health, identifies behaviours that impact occupational performance ataxic CP involves disturbed balance, awkward gait, and uncoordinated movements (due to cerebellar damage), type of CP Dyskinetic or Athetoid CP slow, writhing involuntary movements or rapid and jerky movements. muscle tone can vary in intensity from extremely tight to flabby and loose, over a timespan of hours. these movements disappear during sleep and increase with stress or excitement. child may have difficulty swallowing, sucking, sitting, and walking, because of the involuntary movements. speech and language disorders are common. birth to 3 years rotates head, head lag, random kicking, involuntary release, search for sound 4-6 months prone propping, rolls, sit unsupported, palmar grasp, recognize objects and people, extends arms and legs, no head lag 7-9 months sits, pulls to stand, lateral pinch, bilateral manipulation, social games, stranger anxiety 10-12 months takes steps, stand independently, some words, pokes with index dinger, controlled release 13-15 months crawls up stairs, walks backwards, scribbles, throws 16-18 months stands on one foot, kicks, vertical lines, problem solving 18-24 months ride tricycle, scissors, circular drawing, attends to stories, 2-3 word sentences, parallel play 2-3 years catch, stairs, hand preference, trace shapes, symbolic play, 250 word vocab 3-4 years hops, skips, static tripod, fluent speech, tells stories 4-5 years somersault, buttons, write name, puzzles, rhymes 5-8 years jump rope, ride bike, dynamic tripod, tie shoes, logical reasoning, cooperative play