Organic Chemistry 2 ACS Final
1. How can an aldehyde be protected in organic synthesis?
An aldehyde can be protected by using a diol and an acid catalyst (H+).
2. What role does permanganate (KMnO4, NaOH) play in organic reactions?
Permanganate acts as an oxidizing agent, converting ald...
1. How can an aldehyde be protected in organic synthesis?
An aldehyde can be protected by using a diol and an acid catalyst (H+).
2. What role does permanganate (KMnO4, NaOH) play in organic reactions?
Permanganate acts as an oxidizing agent, converting aldehydes and primary alcohols into carboxylic
acids.
3. What is the process to hydrolyze an acetal back to its original functional group?
To revert an acetal to its original form, it must be treated with water (H2O), an acid catalyst (H+), and
heat.
4. At what infrared (IR) spectroscopy frequency is an OH or NH bond typically observed?
The frequency range for OH or NH bonds in IR spectroscopy is around 3400 cm^-1.
5. What is the absorption frequency for CH (sp3) bonds in IR spectroscopy?
CH (sp3) bonds are detected in the range of 3000 to 2850 cm^-1.
,6. What frequency range is associated with CH (sp2) bonds in IR spectroscopy?
CH (sp2) bonds are found in the 3100 to 3000 cm^-1 range.
7. At what frequency do sp CH bonds appear in IR spectroscopy?
sp CH bonds appear around 3300 cm^-1 in IR spectroscopy.
8. What is the frequency for detecting C-C or C-N triple bonds in IR spectroscopy?
The frequency for a C-C triple bond or C-N triple bond is approximately 2100 cm^-1.
9. At which frequency is the C=O bond identified in IR spectroscopy?
The C=O bond typically shows up around 1700 cm^-1 in IR spectra.
10. What frequency corresponds to C=C bonds or aromatic C-C bonds in IR spectroscopy?
Both C=C bonds and aromatic C-C bonds are typically observed at around 1600 cm^-1.
11. At what frequency is an aromatic C-C bond found in IR spectroscopy?
Aromatic C-C bonds can be detected around 1500 cm^-1 in IR spectra.
12. What specific frequency characterizes carboxylic acids in IR spectroscopy?
, Carboxylic acids usually display a C=O stretch at about 1720 cm^-1, along with a broad and strong
band between 2500 and 3300 cm^-1.
13. What is the IR frequency range for an amide bond?
An amide bond shows two medium strength absorption bands near 3400 cm^-1 and a carbonyl band
below 1700 cm^-1.
14. At what frequency does an sp3 carbon atom resonate in proton NMR spectroscopy?
In proton NMR, the signal for an sp3 carbon atom typically appears around 1 ppm.
15. What frequency is observed for a carbon atom attached to a pi system in proton NMR?
A carbon atom bonded to a pi system resonates at approximately 2 ppm in proton NMR.
16. At what frequency is a carbon atom bonded to an oxygen atom seen in proton NMR?
Such a carbon atom resonates in the range of 3 to 4 ppm in proton NMR.
17. What is the resonance frequency for sp2 carbon atoms in proton NMR?
In proton NMR, sp2 carbon atoms signal at about 5 to 6 ppm.
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