HESI MILESTONE 2 LATEST EXAM
(VERSIONS 1 & 2) WITH 200 QUESTIONS
& DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% ACCURATE
ANSWERS) MILESTONE 2 HESI LATEST
EXAM 2024 GUARANTEED PASS!!
A 77-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with confusion and anorexia of
several days' duration. Additional symptoms reported are nausea and vomiting,
and current complaints of a headache. The client's pulse rate is 43 beats/min. The
nurse is most concerned about the client's history related to which medication?
A. Warfarin
B. Ibuprofen
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Digoxin
D
RATIONALE: Older persons are particularly susceptible to the buildup of cardiac
glycosides, such as digoxin or digitoxin (medications derived from digitalis), to a toxic
level in their systems. Toxicity can cause anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
headache, and fatigue. Options A, B, and C are unlikely to result in the symptoms
described.
,A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of severe acute diverticulitis.
Which assessment finding should the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
A. Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever.
B. Severe pain at McBurney's point and nausea.
C. Abdominal pain and intermittent tenesmus.
D. Exacerbations of severe diarrhea.
A
RATIONALE: Left lower quadrant pain occurs with diverticulitis because the sigmoid
colon is the most common area for diverticula, and the inflammation of diverticula
causes a low-grade fever.
The registered nurse (RN) assesses arterial blood gas results of a client that has
emphysema. Which finding is consistent with respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
B. pH 7.45 , pCO 2 37 mmHg, HCO 3 24 mEq/L.
C. pH 7.34, pCO 2 36 mmHg, HCO 3 21 mEq/L.
D. pH 7.46, pCO 2 35 mmHg, HCO 3 28 mEq/L.
A
RATIONALE:Normal ABG ranges are pH 7.35 to 7.45; pCO2 35 to 45 mmHg; HCO3 21
to 28 mEq/L, and pO2 80 to 100 mmHg. An ABG of pH 7.32, pCO2 46 mmHg, HCO3
24 MEq/L represents a client with respiratory acidosis which is characterized by: low
pH, pCO2 higher than normal, and HCO3 within normal limits.
Which nail color alteration should the nurse expect to observe in a client with
chronic kidney disease?
,A. Horizontal white banding.
B. Diffuse blue discoloration.
C. Diffuse brown discoloration.
D. Thin, dark red vertical lines.
A
RATIONALE: Fingernails and toenails can be affected by chronic kidney disease. This
condition may cause horizontal white lines or bands (leukonychia) to appear on the
nails.
A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which outcome
statement is the priority for this client?
A. Fluid and electrolyte balance.
B. Prevention of water toxicity.
C. Reduced glucose in the urine.
D. Adequate cellular nourishment.
D
RATIONALE: Diabetes mellitus Type 1 is characterized by hyperglycemia that
precipitates glucosuria and polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst),
and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Polyphagia is a consequence of cellular
malnourishment when insulin deficiency prevents utilization of glucose into the cell for
energy, so the outcome statement should include stabilization of adequate cellular
nutrition which is done by providing the insulin supplement the client needs.
The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery the next morning has
an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Which condition is most likely to
, have contributed to this finding?
A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
C. Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture
B
RATIONALE:The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates the effectiveness of the
kidneys in filtering waste from the blood. Dehydration, which could be caused by
vomiting, would cause an increased BUN level. Option A would affect serum enzyme
levels, not the BUN level. Option C would primarily affect the blood glucose level; renal
failure that could increase the BUN level would be unlikely in a client newly diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes. Effects of option D might affect the complete blood count (CBC)
but would not directly increase the BUN level.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed
with Cushing syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C. Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu.
A
RATIONALE:Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the
adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus.
(VERSIONS 1 & 2) WITH 200 QUESTIONS
& DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% ACCURATE
ANSWERS) MILESTONE 2 HESI LATEST
EXAM 2024 GUARANTEED PASS!!
A 77-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with confusion and anorexia of
several days' duration. Additional symptoms reported are nausea and vomiting,
and current complaints of a headache. The client's pulse rate is 43 beats/min. The
nurse is most concerned about the client's history related to which medication?
A. Warfarin
B. Ibuprofen
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Digoxin
D
RATIONALE: Older persons are particularly susceptible to the buildup of cardiac
glycosides, such as digoxin or digitoxin (medications derived from digitalis), to a toxic
level in their systems. Toxicity can cause anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
headache, and fatigue. Options A, B, and C are unlikely to result in the symptoms
described.
,A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of severe acute diverticulitis.
Which assessment finding should the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
A. Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever.
B. Severe pain at McBurney's point and nausea.
C. Abdominal pain and intermittent tenesmus.
D. Exacerbations of severe diarrhea.
A
RATIONALE: Left lower quadrant pain occurs with diverticulitis because the sigmoid
colon is the most common area for diverticula, and the inflammation of diverticula
causes a low-grade fever.
The registered nurse (RN) assesses arterial blood gas results of a client that has
emphysema. Which finding is consistent with respiratory acidosis?
A. pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
B. pH 7.45 , pCO 2 37 mmHg, HCO 3 24 mEq/L.
C. pH 7.34, pCO 2 36 mmHg, HCO 3 21 mEq/L.
D. pH 7.46, pCO 2 35 mmHg, HCO 3 28 mEq/L.
A
RATIONALE:Normal ABG ranges are pH 7.35 to 7.45; pCO2 35 to 45 mmHg; HCO3 21
to 28 mEq/L, and pO2 80 to 100 mmHg. An ABG of pH 7.32, pCO2 46 mmHg, HCO3
24 MEq/L represents a client with respiratory acidosis which is characterized by: low
pH, pCO2 higher than normal, and HCO3 within normal limits.
Which nail color alteration should the nurse expect to observe in a client with
chronic kidney disease?
,A. Horizontal white banding.
B. Diffuse blue discoloration.
C. Diffuse brown discoloration.
D. Thin, dark red vertical lines.
A
RATIONALE: Fingernails and toenails can be affected by chronic kidney disease. This
condition may cause horizontal white lines or bands (leukonychia) to appear on the
nails.
A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which outcome
statement is the priority for this client?
A. Fluid and electrolyte balance.
B. Prevention of water toxicity.
C. Reduced glucose in the urine.
D. Adequate cellular nourishment.
D
RATIONALE: Diabetes mellitus Type 1 is characterized by hyperglycemia that
precipitates glucosuria and polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst),
and polyphagia (excessive hunger). Polyphagia is a consequence of cellular
malnourishment when insulin deficiency prevents utilization of glucose into the cell for
energy, so the outcome statement should include stabilization of adequate cellular
nutrition which is done by providing the insulin supplement the client needs.
The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery the next morning has
an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Which condition is most likely to
, have contributed to this finding?
A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
C. Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture
B
RATIONALE:The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates the effectiveness of the
kidneys in filtering waste from the blood. Dehydration, which could be caused by
vomiting, would cause an increased BUN level. Option A would affect serum enzyme
levels, not the BUN level. Option C would primarily affect the blood glucose level; renal
failure that could increase the BUN level would be unlikely in a client newly diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes. Effects of option D might affect the complete blood count (CBC)
but would not directly increase the BUN level.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed
with Cushing syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C. Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu.
A
RATIONALE:Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the
adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus.
