WGU D265 CRIT ICAL THINKING: REASON AND EVIDENCE EXAM (ACTUAL) All dogs can fly. Ginger is a dog. Therefore, Ginger can fly. Which types of reasoning are illustrated in th is example? Choose 2 answers. - Deductive - Valid - True - Sound - ANSWERS -- Deductive - Valid An individual drops hundreds of objects, and each time they fall to the ground. The individual therefore concludes that if someone drops a pencil, it will fall . Which terms describe the argument? Choose 2 answers. - Deductive - Valid - Strong - Cogent - ANSWERS -- Strong - Cogent If I am bald, then I am old. I am old. Therefore, I am bald. Which type of logic error is this an example of? - Begging the question - The fallacy fallacy - Denying the antecedent - Affirming the consequent - ANSWERS -Affirming the consequent If I am a soldier, then I am brave. I am not a soldier. Therefore, I am not brave. Which type of logic error is this an example of? - Affirming the consequent - Denying the antecedent - Begging the question - The fallacy fallacy - ANSWERS -Denying the antecedent One should never cheat on a test, since cheating is wrong. Which type of logic error is this an example of? - Affirming the consequent - Denying the antecedent - Begging the question - The fallacy fallacy - ANSWERS -Begging the question My opponent argues that the earth is round because Dr. Evil shaped it that way using his satellite mounted laser. Since Dr. Evil is a fictitiou s character, you must reject the argument that the earth is round. This is an example of which type of logic error? - Denying the antecedent - Affirming the consequent - Begging the question - The fallacy fallacy - ANSWERS -The fallacy fallacy Which of the following is an accurate characterization of "fallacy" as that term is used in logic? - A fallacy is a formal violation of a state law. - A fallacy is a false claim. - A fallacy is a deliberate attempt to deceive. - A fallacy is a common mistake in reasoning. - ANSWERS -A fallacy is a common mistake in reasoning. Formal Fallacy - ANSWERS -The word "formal" refers to the structure of things. Informal Fallacy - ANSWERS -Informal fallacies have a problem with their cont ent. A formal fallacy concerns _______, but an informal fallacy concerns _______. - ANSWERS -the structure of an argument By definition, a formal fallacy concerns the structure of an argument and an informal fallacy concerns the information contained in t he argument's structure. A formal fallacy is a type of _______. - ANSWERS -Bad argument structure Formality is associated with structure. Which questions are most appropriate for evaluating the credibility of an information source? Choose 2 answers. - Who funded it? - Does it try to get you to distrust other sources? - Does it support your beliefs and values? - Is it free of bias? - ANSWERS -- Who funded it? - Does it try to get you to distrust other sources? Which study is most likely to be corrupted by bias? - A study by the marketing department of an oil company determining the best use of the company's advertising dollars
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