EGEE 101 Exam 3 terms (100% correct and graded A+)

EGEE 101 Exam 3 terms 3 processes of ocean sequestration - 1. carbon sink through fertilization 2. inject CO2 into ocean to form hydrates 3. inject CO2 into bottom of ocean to form CO2 underwater lake. acid deposition - comes in all forms of precipitation including sulphate aerosols, a dry precipitation. includes rain snow hail fog ice and sulphate aerosols. precipitation is acidic thanks to SO2 and NOx in the atmosphere. utilities are the main emission culprit. acid mine drainage - mines are abandoned, pumps are taken out, flooding area with acidic water than can pollute streams. pyrite is the main culprit, it's a combo of iron and sulfur. can be combatted by stuffing mines with clay or treatment of contaminated water with addition o f lime. acid rain program - tracked point sources of SO2 and Nox. encouraged to reduce emissions. acid shock - season changes cause overload of acid thanks to precipitation changes. episodic shock occurs and kills fish. addition of catalyst building - catalytic reactors run during summer months to remove NOx concentration. they're expensive. aluminum and acid deposition - aluminum interferes with breeding cycles and is found in acid deposition. baghouses - fabric filtration device used to collect small particles. Gasses are passed through fabric filter bags which are suspended upside down in a large chamber or "bag house." A bag house consists of thousands of bags, filtration is accomplished through actual f abric but mostly through dust accumulation inside the bags. Most efficient. biodiversity reduction - wildlife is reduced thanks to increasing acidity. biomass - replanting forests to offset Carbon sinking. advantages: increased employment, increased security of energy, increased fossil fuel lifetime, net carbon dioxide neutral, less pollution. buying permits - before 1995 given permits, after have to buy. EPA sells off permits during auctions. brokerage firms help to buy or sell permits. save permits to use them later. catalytic converter - removes NOx from flue gas. building holds catalytic converters. expensive process. less S in gasoline permits better catalysts reducing NOx. climate change - rapid changing of the climate. conservation - if we conserve, we use less, if we use less, we pollute less. cyclone - usually used to reduce particles in fluidized beds, uses centrifugal force to separate particles from fluid electrostatic precipitators - a device used for removing particulates from smokestack emissions. The charged particles are attracted to an oppositely charged metal plate, where they are precipitated out of the air. emission trading - bringing new parts to less efficient countries to increase efficiency. it is paid for and then claimed for credit of emission reduction. emission trading during clean air act - need permit for emissions. limit number of permits allowed. permits can be bought or sold at market value. equilibrium - carbon cycle tells us that CO2 in the atmosphere is in equilibrium with CO2 in the oceans. eventually forward and backward reactions will occur at the same rate. greenhouse gases are slow to reach equilibrium, increasing global temperature. evidence of climate change - average temperature analysis, keeling curve 50 year graph, we can asses previous CO2 concentration from tree rings, ice cores, and coral.