NBME Biochemistry Shelf Exam
What neurotransmitter stimulates re-
lease of epinephrine from adrenal acetylcholine
medulla?
What is a metabolite if epinephrine
that suggests epi-secreting carcinoma? metanephrine; assoc with HBP
What is another assoc symptom?
glaucoma, epilepsy, altitude sickness,
What does acetazolamide (carbonic an-
congestive heart failure
hydrase ib) treat?
can cause dehydration
Sickle cell anemia is due to... pt mutation of Glu -> val
What is a major neurotransmitter amino
Glu
acid?
HA protein of influenza binds to cytokine receptors
What is a reducing-sugar test? Tests for aldo-keto sugars
What is omeprazole? proton pump ib
Name some GAG's. heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate,
What type of reaction is glucuronidation? oxidation
In Marfan's syndrome, what part of fib-
primary structure
rillin's protein structure is affected?
anxiety, uncontrollable mvmts, slurring of
What are the symptoms of Huntington's
speech, difficulty focusing or concentrat-
disease?
ing; caused by triple repeat expansion
phagocyte deficiency -> hypergamma-
What is Chediak-Higashi syndrome?
globulinemia, significant neutropenia,
In exposure to carbon monoxide or
cyanide, which way does the ox sat curve to the L; increased affinity at low pO_2
shift?
What is pralidoxime chloride? reactivate acetylcholinesterase
inadequate thiamine; confusion, ophthal-
Wernicke encephalopathy
moplagia (nystagmus)
beta(1->4) galactosidase; cleaves Gal
What is the function of lactase?
from Glu
1/7
, How is fructose absorbed? via sodium-independent transporter
What sugar enzymes are found on the
sucrase, lactase, maltase, isomaltase
intestinal brush border?
ib pancreatic and gastric lipase; leads to
Orlistat
reduced fat digestion
glucose beta(1->4) glucose bonded sug-
What is fiber? ar; body does not have beta(1-4) en-
doglucosidase
activates trypsinogen; trypsin acti-
enterokinase vates chymotrypsin, procolipase, procar-
boxypeptidase, and proelastase
pyruvate dehydrogenase ib; smell of gar-
arsenic
lic
Which GLUT is insulin-dependent? GLUT4; found in muscle & adipose
role player for insulin; increases glycoly-
What is the role of F2,6BP?
sis for FA synth and glycogen synthesis
K_m is above fasting concentration,
What is significant about glucokinase?
V_max is very high
What promotes lactate buildup? ^ NADH/NAD+
Where does lactate build up? eyes, testes, RBC's
What is the rate-limiting step of glycoly-
PFK, allosterically activated by F2,6BP
sis?
Def in pyr kinase leads to... 2,3BPG, G6P elevation due to ^ PEP
What steroid can be used to treat
glucagon
beta-blocker overdose?
Which form of aldolase is liver-specific? B
G3P <-> DHAP; DHAP - component of
triose phosphate isomerase
glycerol phosphate shuttle
What TCA step makes GTP? succinate thiokinase
What TCA step makes FADH? succinate dehydrogenase
What is the only membrane-bound en-
succinate dehydrogenase
zyme in TCA?
2/7
What neurotransmitter stimulates re-
lease of epinephrine from adrenal acetylcholine
medulla?
What is a metabolite if epinephrine
that suggests epi-secreting carcinoma? metanephrine; assoc with HBP
What is another assoc symptom?
glaucoma, epilepsy, altitude sickness,
What does acetazolamide (carbonic an-
congestive heart failure
hydrase ib) treat?
can cause dehydration
Sickle cell anemia is due to... pt mutation of Glu -> val
What is a major neurotransmitter amino
Glu
acid?
HA protein of influenza binds to cytokine receptors
What is a reducing-sugar test? Tests for aldo-keto sugars
What is omeprazole? proton pump ib
Name some GAG's. heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate,
What type of reaction is glucuronidation? oxidation
In Marfan's syndrome, what part of fib-
primary structure
rillin's protein structure is affected?
anxiety, uncontrollable mvmts, slurring of
What are the symptoms of Huntington's
speech, difficulty focusing or concentrat-
disease?
ing; caused by triple repeat expansion
phagocyte deficiency -> hypergamma-
What is Chediak-Higashi syndrome?
globulinemia, significant neutropenia,
In exposure to carbon monoxide or
cyanide, which way does the ox sat curve to the L; increased affinity at low pO_2
shift?
What is pralidoxime chloride? reactivate acetylcholinesterase
inadequate thiamine; confusion, ophthal-
Wernicke encephalopathy
moplagia (nystagmus)
beta(1->4) galactosidase; cleaves Gal
What is the function of lactase?
from Glu
1/7
, How is fructose absorbed? via sodium-independent transporter
What sugar enzymes are found on the
sucrase, lactase, maltase, isomaltase
intestinal brush border?
ib pancreatic and gastric lipase; leads to
Orlistat
reduced fat digestion
glucose beta(1->4) glucose bonded sug-
What is fiber? ar; body does not have beta(1-4) en-
doglucosidase
activates trypsinogen; trypsin acti-
enterokinase vates chymotrypsin, procolipase, procar-
boxypeptidase, and proelastase
pyruvate dehydrogenase ib; smell of gar-
arsenic
lic
Which GLUT is insulin-dependent? GLUT4; found in muscle & adipose
role player for insulin; increases glycoly-
What is the role of F2,6BP?
sis for FA synth and glycogen synthesis
K_m is above fasting concentration,
What is significant about glucokinase?
V_max is very high
What promotes lactate buildup? ^ NADH/NAD+
Where does lactate build up? eyes, testes, RBC's
What is the rate-limiting step of glycoly-
PFK, allosterically activated by F2,6BP
sis?
Def in pyr kinase leads to... 2,3BPG, G6P elevation due to ^ PEP
What steroid can be used to treat
glucagon
beta-blocker overdose?
Which form of aldolase is liver-specific? B
G3P <-> DHAP; DHAP - component of
triose phosphate isomerase
glycerol phosphate shuttle
What TCA step makes GTP? succinate thiokinase
What TCA step makes FADH? succinate dehydrogenase
What is the only membrane-bound en-
succinate dehydrogenase
zyme in TCA?
2/7
