Exam (elaborations)
NUR612 - Module 2 Study Set Exam
- Course
- Institution
NUR612 - Module 2 Study Set Exam ...
[Show more]
Content preview
NUR612 - Module 2 Study Set Exam _____ is any organism capable of supporting the nutritional and ph ysical growth requirements of another organism - Answer host ______ is bacteria that inhabits exposed surfaces of the body - Answ er microflora _______ is the presence and multiplication of a living organism on or within a host that does NOT cause harm - Answer colonization _______ is the disease state brought about by the interaction of an o rganism living within a host that causes harm to the hos t - Answer infectious disease ____ is the disease inducing potential of a microbe/organism - Answer virulence _____ are microorganisms so virulent that they are rarely found in the abs ence of disease - Answer pathogens _____ is a free-living organism that obtains growth from dead or de caying organic material, rarely affect humans - Answer saprophytes ______ are microorganisms that are capable of producing an infectio us disease when the health/immunity of the host have been severely weakened by illn ess, malnutrition, or medical therapy - Answer opportunistic pathogens _____ is a relationship between microorganism and host in which bot h organisms benefit e.g. bacteria in the gut producing Vit. K - Answer mutualism ____ is a relationship between microorganism and host in which the col onizing organism acquires its needs from the host, but without causing harm to the host - Answer commensalism _____ is a relationship between a microorganism and host in which the micr oorganism acquires its need at the expense of the host, only the infecting or ganism benefits - Answer parasitism _____ are protein particles that are able to transmit infection, lack a demonstrable genome, and are resistant to antibiotics due to their lack of rep ro/metabolic functions - Answer prions Two examples of diseases transmitted via prions are: - Answer -Creutzfe ldt Jacob disease -Kuru Prion-based diseases are typically ______ progressing, and result in no n-inflammatory neuronal degeneration resulting in dementia, ataxia, and death - Answer slow _______ are the smallest obligate intracellular pathogens, have no orga nized cellular structure, and can be composed of either DNA or RNA, but never both - Answer Viruses Viruses are composed of two parts: the _____ and _______, and require wha t to replicate? - Answer -capsid (protein coat) -nucleic acid core (genome, either DNA or RNA) They require a host cell in which to replicate, replication cannot occur outside of a living cell ____ are bacteria that lack an organized nucleus - Answer prokar yotes _____ are microorganisms that possess a membrane nucleus such as fung i - Answer eukaryotes ______ are a type of fungi that are yeast at one temperature and mold s at another - Answer dimorphic fungi Examples of dimorphic fungi: - Answer -blastomycosis -histoplasmosis -coccidiodomycosis _____ are long filaments utilized by molds - Answer hyphae ___ are single celled fungi that reproduce by budding - Answer yea sts Bacteria are primarily classified by: - Answer -shape/microscopic appea rance -presence of absence of peptidoglycan cell wall (gram+/gram -) ______ = rod bacteria - Answer bacillis _____ = spherical bacteria - Answer cocci _____ = helical bacteria - Answer spirilla _______ bacteria will stain purple in the presence of a primary dye like c rystal violet - Answer gram positive ______ bacteria will not stain purple, but will stain red in the presen ce of a counterstain like safranin - Answer gram negative _____ are single celled animals with defined nuclei and organelles tha t can cause parasitic infection - Answer protozoa ______ are worms, roundworms, flukes, etc. capable of causing parasitic i nfection - Answer helminths _______ are bugs capable of causing parasitic infection - Answer arthrop ods Examples of organisms that combine viral and bacterial characteristic s - Answer -Rickettsiaceae -Anaplasmataceae -Chlamydiaceae -Coxiella Viral: obligate intracellular pathogen Bacterial: cell wall, asexual reproduction via cell division Both: Contain DNA and RNA ___ is a tick born organism capable of producing Rocky Mt spotted fe ver and possibly lyme disease - Answer rickettsiaceae ______ is a directly transmitted organism responsible for the STI chlamydia - Answer Chlamydophila trachomatis _______ is a disease found in a particular geographical region in which th e incidence/prevalence are relatively predictable and stable - An swer endemic disease ______ is an abrupt and unexpected increase in the incidence of disea se over endemic rates - Answer epidemic _____ is the spread of disease beyond continental borders - Answer p andemic criteria used in classifying infectious diseases - Answer -porta l of entry -incidence -source -signs/symptoms -disease course -site of infection -virulence factors Examples of portals of entry - Answer -penetration (physical t rauma to integument system -direct contact (think STIs) -ingestion -inhalation _________ is a form of direct contact in which a pathogen is transmitted from a host to progeny post-gestation - Answer vertical transmission e.g. breast feeding, contact with infected vaginal mucosa during delivery ____ is a form of direct transmission in which a pathogen is transmitted from a host to progeny during gestation - Answer congenital transmission ______ are infections that develop within a hospital patient/settin g - Answer nosocomial _____ are infections acquired outside of healthcare facilities - An swer community-acquired infections _____ is an inanimate object that carries disease - Answer fomite e.g. soil, t oys, doorknobs, etc. A _____ symptom/sign reflects the site of infection e.g. rash, hemorrh age, diarrhea, pneumonia - Answer specific A _____ sign/symptom can be shared by a number of diverse infectious diseas es e.g. headache, myalgia, fever - Answer nonspecific A ____ sign/symptom may require laboratory testing to identify - Answer covert ______ have an abrupt onset with little or no prodrome phase - Answ er fulminant illness _____ have a prolonged prodrome phase e.g. hepatitis B, HIV - Answer insi dious illnesses Insidious illness typically have a prolonged ________, during which the disease replicates without symptoms before reaching a _______, during which the initial appearance of symptoms occurs - Answer incubation period, pro dromal stage During the ____ stage of infection, the host experiences the maximum impacts of the disease process. During this stage, rapid proliferation and disse mination of the infecting agent occurs - Answer acute During the ___ stage of infection, containment and progressive elimi nation of theThe benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Flat. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77988 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now