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BS 161 FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers. Verified and Updated

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BS 161 FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers. Verified and Updated Which argument best defends a characteristic of the solute seen on the right? - answerThe solute is hydrophobic because there are is no observable evidence of electrostatic interactions between the partially charged atoms of the wate...

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EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 24, 2024 1:33:58 PM BS 161 FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers. Verified and Updated Which argument best defends a characteristic of the solute seen on the right? - answer✔✔The solute is hydrophobic because there are is no observable evidence of electrostatic interactions between the partially ch arged atoms of the water molecule and the solute What best describes a lipid? - answer✔✔a molecule that does not dissolve well in water The flow of information in a cell proceeds in what sequence? - answer✔✔DNA is a template to make RNA, RNA is a template to make proteins What processes occur in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell? - answer✔✔Transcription and RNA processing What is represented in the image on the right? - answer✔✔an aminoacyl -tRNA synthetase charging a tRNA What accurately identifies the templ ate strands for these genes? - answer✔✔Strand 1 is the template strand for the histone gene and strand 2 is the template strand for the transporter gene what aspect of nucleic acid structure is important in determining which strand is the template strand? - answer✔✔double stranded nucleic acids are antiparallel what additional reasoning is needed to completely explain which strand is used as the template strand? - answer✔✔RNA polymerase moves from the promoter to the terminator adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the new RNA The building block on the right is used to produce what type of polymer? - answer✔✔RNA How should the side chain of the amino acid depicted on the right be classified and why should it be classified this way? - answer✔✔It should be class ified as polar because the side chain contains atoms with significantly different electronegativies which form polar bonds. Prokaryotic protein synthesis is faster than eukaryotic protein synthesis. What characteristic of prokaryotic transcription and tran slation makes the overall process faster than in eukaryotes? - answer✔✔Prokaryotes lack a nucleus so translation of an mRNA can begin even before transcription of the mRNA is complete. EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 24, 2024 1:33:58 PM What correctly lists the components necessary for transcription? - answ er✔✔RNA polymerase, DNA, and RNA nucleotides What do you predict would happen if an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase was mutated so that it always attached the wrong amino acid to its tRNA? - answer✔✔The cell would die because this would create errors in most pro teins and erupt their function In an effort to determine which type of molecule contained the genetic information, scientists treated extracts from dead virulent bacteria with enzymes, incubated the treated extracts with live non virulent bacteria, and che cked for production of virulent bacteria. Which type of enzyme prevented production of virulent bacteria? - answer✔✔DNase What role do the functional groups in the peptide bond play in alpha helices? - answer✔✔They form hydrogen bonds with functional group s in other peptide bonds of nearby amino acids What of the four levels of protein structure is represented in the image to the right? - answer✔✔Tertiary What level of protein structure involves IMFs between two different polypeptide chains? - answer✔✔Quate rnary What type of molecule is depicted on the left and what features make it this type of molecule? - answer✔✔It is a disaccharide because it is made up of two monosaccharides What statement below most likely describes the role of amino acid 87 in the str ucture and function of this enzyme? - answer✔✔This interaction between amino acid 87 and 35 causes the polypeptide to fold into a specific tertiary shape. when the Substrate binds to the enzyme, amino acid 90 is interacting with the hydroxyl group on the S ubstrate. What type of interaction is most likely taking place between amino acid 90 and the Substrate? - answer✔✔Hydrogen bonding you think that amino 50 is interacting with the NH3+ the substrate. Using this hypothesis, which of the following amino acids would you predict might be found at position 50 and why might you make this prediction? - answer✔✔Aspartic acid because it will form a favorable ionic interaction with the substrate. what do you predict would happen in cells where a mutation changed amino acid 50 to a different amino acid that cannot interact with the amino group and why would this happen? - answer✔✔The cells would divide more rapidly because the structure of the protein determines the function of the protein. In eukaryotes, what determines where transcription starts? - answer✔✔General transcription factors interact with promoters and bind to RNA polymerase indicating where transcription starts. EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 24, 2024 1:33:58 PM What are critical regions of a tRNA molecule? - answer✔✔amino acid attachment site and anticodon loop Alternative splicing allows for: - answer✔✔different polypeptides to be made from a single gene Alternative splicing means that: - answer✔✔different spliced forms contain different combinations of exons Depicted here are five codons from the coding strand of DNA and the very short peptide they encode:original DNA sequence: 5'ATG -TCT -AAC -TTA -TAA 3' protein sequence: Met -Ser-Asn-Leu-STOP A mutation adds the nucleotide T between the first and second codons in the DNA sequenc e creating a mutant version of the gene. - What will happen to the length of the mRNA produced from the mutant version of this gene? - answer✔✔It will be one nucleotide longer because RNA poly does not read codons Depicted here are five codons from the c oding strand of DNA and the very short peptide they encode:original DNA sequence: 5'ATG -TCT -AAC -TTA -TAA 3' protein sequence: Met -Ser-Asn-Leu-STOP A mutation adds the nucleotide T between the first and second codons in the DNA sequence creating a mutant ve rsion of the gene. - What will happen to the length of the protein produced from the mutant version of this gene? - answer✔✔It will be shorter because the third codon is now a stop codon which will cause translation to end Depicted here are five codons f rom the coding strand of DNA and the very short peptide they encode:original DNA sequence: 5'ATG -TCT -AAC -TTA -TAA 3' protein sequence: Met -Ser-Asn-Leu-STOP A mutation adds the nucleotide T between the first and second codons in the DNA sequence creating a mutant version of the gene.

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