NURS 6201 Exam 2 Content: Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias Exam Questions With Verified Answers
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Course
Dysrhythmias
Institution
Dysrhythmias
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM
NURS 6201 Exam 2 Content: Heart Failure
and Dysrhythmias Exam Questions With
Verified Answers
A patient presents with Jugular Venous Distention (JVD), peripheral edema, and fatigue. Based
on this initial assessment data, which of the following manifes...
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM NURS 6201 Exam 2 Content: Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias Exam Questions With Verified Answers A patient presents with Jugular Venous Distention (JVD), peripheral edema, and fatigue. Based on this initial assessment data, which of the following manifestations of heart failure do you expect them to have? (select only one) A. Frothy, serosanguineous sputum B. Bilateral crackles C. Ascites D. Confusion - answer✔✔C. (Ascites) is correct. Based on the data given, this patient is suffering from right -sided heart failure. Options A, B, and D all describe manifestations of left -
Sided heart failure, which results in pulmonary edema and, ultimately, hypoxia. Ascites is the result of fluid backing up into the abdomen because the right side of the heart is not pumping effectively. There are many different drugs for treating chronic heart failure, but a common adverse effect of almost all these drugs is.... - answer✔✔Hypotension (especially orthostatic hypotension). A patient placed on Losart an for treatment of heart failure requires education regarding adverse effects of this medication. Which of the following adverse effects would the nurse include as part of the education? (Select All That Apply) A. Angioedema B. Hyperkalemia C. Intractable cough D. Hypotension - answer✔✔A, B, and D are correct. Losartan is an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker. It blocks angiotensin II, resulting in vasodilation and increased sodium and water excretion (by blocking aldosterone). Although ARBs carry a reduced risk of angioedema relative to ACE -Is, it is still a potential problem. ARBs do not cause the intractable cough characteristic of ACE -Is. EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM What labs are important to monitor for a patient placed on ACEs, ARBs, or Aldosterone antagonists? (Note: A ldosterone antagonists are also known as potassium -sparing diuretics) - answer✔✔Renal function and serum potassium levels are critical to monitor in patients on any of these drugs. Remember that the kidneys are responsible for 90% of potassium excretion an d these are potassium -sparing drugs. Any drop any renal function could have disastrous effects. A nurse is teaching a patient on potential adverse effects of beta -blockers for the treatment of heart failure. Which of the following points should the nurse i nclude? (Select all that apply) A. Worsening of HF symptoms B. Fatigue C. Bradycardia D. Hypotension - answer✔✔A-D are correct. These are all potential adverse effects of beta -
blocker therapy. Recall that beta -blockers block SNS stimulation of the heart. T his reduces HR and contractility, which may actually worsen symptoms of HF if the patient is fluid overloaded. For D, just remember that practically all chronic HF drugs cause hypotension. A patient with heart failure has a persistent fluid overload that' s resistant to diuretic therapy. What is a non -pharmacological intervention that can reduce their fluid overload? - answer✔✔Ultrafiltration (aquapheresis) is an option for patients with FVE that is resistant to diuretics. It can rapidly remove excess fluid and sodium while maintaining hemodynamic stability. If the patient's kidneys are wrecked, hemodialysis is another option. A recently graduated nurse notices that their patient admitted for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure is prescribed Milrinone, a posi tive inotropic drug. Concerned, she asks her nurse preceptor if this was a mistake. How should the preceptor respond? A. "Good catch! The provider probably meant to prescribe a beta -blocker" B. "Milrinone is used for chronic heart failure patients to incre ase blood pressure" C. "Milrinone is used for short -term treatment of cardiogenic shock in patients with ADHF. It can temporarily boost cardiac output, but comes with serious adverse effects". D. "Milrinone is never used for heart failure, we use dopamine instead". - answer✔✔C is correct. Positive inotropic drugs are not typically used for chronic HF, but they are helpful in short -term treatment of ADHF. The adverse effects are nasty, including dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia, and hepatotoxicity. Other posi tive inotropes used for ADHF include dopamine, dobutamine, and norepinephrine. A nurse is educating a patient with newly diagnosed heart failure on daily weights. What recommendations should the nurse make to the patient regarding daily weights? - answer✔✔The
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