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NUR195/161 (Med-Surge 1 And Pharmacology) – Q&A
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NUR195/161 (Med-Surge 1 And Pharmacology) – Q&A
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NUR195/161 (Med-Surge 1 And Pharmacology) – Q&AWhat are the ABC's Right Ans - A- airway
B- breathing
C- circulation
What is the main spot for ventilation in the lungs? Right Ans - Trachea
What are the primary functions of the upper respiratory system? Right Ans
- To warm, filter, and humidify air
Ventilation Right Ans - breathing; movement of air from the atmosphere and through the bronchioles and alveoli
Perfusion Right Ans - The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Compliance Right Ans - the ability of lungs to expand and contract
Cough reflex Right Ans - clears secretions and protects against aspiration. This defense mechanism decreases with age
Reflex bronchoconstriction Right Ans - In response to inhalation of large amounts of irritating substances (e.g., dusts, aerosols), the bronchi constrict in
an effort to prevent entry of irritants.
What controls respiration and depth? Right Ans - - chemoreceptors in the brain respond to carbon dioxide and pH levels changes in the cerebral spinal fluid
- Peripheral receptors respond to oxygen levels, carbon dioxide levels, and pH balance. - mechanical receptors in the lungs prevents over inflation by the pulmonary muscles
What is different about how the brain monitors oxygenation needs with chronic COPD patients? Right Ans - In patients with chronic COPD, the brain uses oxygen levels to determine needs instead of carbon dioxide levels. Chronic COPD patients always have higher levels of carbon dioxide so the brain focuses on oxygen levels instead.
what subjective and objective data would you collect on a patient with COPD? Right Ans - - Dyspnea rated on a scale of 0-4
- Chest pain rated on a scale of 0-10
- A high respiratory rate
- A low O2 saturation
- clubbing of the fingers
- Hemoptysis (coughing up of blood)
- Bloody sputum -Cyanosis
- Productive cough
Vesicular lung sounds Right Ans - normal lung sounds with air moving through the lungs equally and loud bilaterally
What do distant or absent lung sounds indicate Right Ans - may indicate an
obstruction, consolidation, collapse, or effusion. Fluid or air has accumulated in the plural space. Quieter than normal
Polyphonic wheeze Right Ans - asthma or COPD, high pitched musical sound associated with a narrow airway
Stridor Right Ans - strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by an obstruction.
Diffusion Right Ans - the process by which O2 and CO2 are exchanged at the air-blood interface in the alveoli
Dyspnea Right Ans - difficult or labored breathing, breathlessness, SOB
Crepitus Right Ans - or subcutaneous emphysema is indicated by the presence of air bubbles in the subcutaneous tissues or underlying muscle; upon palpation, the sensation of bubbles under the fingers can be felt and, occasionally, crackling can be heard (think of your knee popping when you get
up)
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