Molecular Biology of the Gene Study Notes for Science Students
Are you a science major looking to ace your biology courses? Look no further! My "Molecular Biology of the Gene Study Notes" are written to help you understand and master the fundamental concepts of biology, essential for any science m...
20th
in
century
researchers
already knew that
genetic material must be
1 . able to store information that pertains to development
, structure and metabolic activities of
cell
/organism
. stable
2 so that it can be replicated with
high accuracy transmitted to next generation
-o
,
(mutations
3
. able to
undergo rare
changes provide
genetic variability required for evolution
-
material established but structure still unknown
by 1950 DNA as
genetic was
contains four different of nucleotides
it was known that DNA
types
↳
two - adenine
purine bases (A) quanine (G) double
with have
ving
=
,
(T)
Cytosine (C)
↳ two
with
pyrimidine bases
thymine have
single ring
- =
,
O
NHz
C C13
adenine
(A) & thymine
(T)
IN
↓N C
CIA nitrogen-containing O D CIA
I base
O
N N N
O
HOPOSCH2 H0P05CH2 g
O
4 Cy O
4 Cy
# 1* # 1*
sugar = deoxyribose
3
②021 C 02 ,
1 NHz
3
g
81 H 81 H
guanine C cytosine * C
a
I N
(G) (C)
G ②C
HzN
W
O O
H0P05CH2 g HOPOSCH20g
O
4 1C O
4 Cy
# # 1*
3
②021 3
②021
81 H 81 H
Erwin
Chargaff analyzed base content of DNA
↳ showed that
of of nucleotide but most do not , DNA
some species have
roughly 25 % each
type -
of various spaces differs
↳ e in humans A and T is about 31 %, so nucleotide content not fixed across species DNA does
g
=
. .
have
variability
within species DNA is consistent
Chargaft's rules :
. amount
1 of A , T , G and (varies from species to species
2 .
in each species ,
amount of A =
T ,
and amount of G =
C
of four bases possible
only at each nucleotide position in DNA sheer number of bases and
length of
to
one
most DNA molecules provide for variability
↳ human chromosome -
140 million base pairs
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller vanessafree. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.