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Summary Molecular Biology of the Gene Study Notes for Introductory Biology (Handwritten) $3.49   Add to cart

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Summary Molecular Biology of the Gene Study Notes for Introductory Biology (Handwritten)

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Molecular Biology of the Gene Study Notes for Science Students Are you a science major looking to ace your biology courses? Look no further! My "Molecular Biology of the Gene Study Notes" are written to help you understand and master the fundamental concepts of biology, essential for any science m...

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  • Chapter 12
  • August 2, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
OF THE GENE

, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE GENE

20th
in
century
researchers
already knew that
genetic material must be

1 . able to store information that pertains to development
, structure and metabolic activities of

cell
/organism
. stable
2 so that it can be replicated with
high accuracy transmitted to next generation
-o
,




(mutations
3
. able to
undergo rare
changes provide
genetic variability required for evolution
-




material established but structure still unknown
by 1950 DNA as
genetic was


contains four different of nucleotides
it was known that DNA
types

two - adenine
purine bases (A) quanine (G) double
with have
ving
=
,




(T)
Cytosine (C)
↳ two
with
pyrimidine bases
thymine have
single ring
- =
,


O
NHz
C C13
adenine
(A) & thymine
(T)
IN
↓N C


CIA nitrogen-containing O D CIA
I base

O
N N N

O


HOPOSCH2 H0P05CH2 g


O

4 Cy O

4 Cy
# 1* # 1*
sugar = deoxyribose

3
②021 C 02 ,
1 NHz
3
g
81 H 81 H
guanine C cytosine * C




a
I N
(G) (C)

G ②C
HzN
W
O O


H0P05CH2 g HOPOSCH20g
O

4 1C O

4 Cy
# # 1*


3
②021 3
②021
81 H 81 H




Erwin
Chargaff analyzed base content of DNA

↳ showed that
of of nucleotide but most do not , DNA
some species have
roughly 25 % each
type -



of various spaces differs

↳ e in humans A and T is about 31 %, so nucleotide content not fixed across species DNA does
g
=
. .




have
variability
within species DNA is consistent




Chargaft's rules :




. amount
1 of A , T , G and (varies from species to species

2 .
in each species ,
amount of A =
T ,
and amount of G =
C




of four bases possible
only at each nucleotide position in DNA sheer number of bases and
length of
to
one


most DNA molecules provide for variability
↳ human chromosome -
140 million base pairs

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